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64/128 VIEW

More Commodore user groups emerge as a new generation of 64 and 128 owners discover the machines’ appeal.

Tom Netsel

ast month, we printed

an updated listing of

about 90 Commodore

user groups. Then, just as that list was rolling off the presses, | learned of yet an- other new group.

An envelope arrived con- taining a letter, a disk, and Is- sue 1, Volume 1 of a news- letter from the Carbonaro Commodore Users Group in Valley Stream, New York. The newsletter was a one- pager that contained a lot of information. In fact, | don't remember when I've seen so many words squeezed on- to one sheet of paper.

The newsletter contained a welcome from the editor, information about the com- panion disk, and tips on turn- ing your disk drive into a racehorse with JiffyDOS. Among other items were con- cise reviews of Rocket Rang- er and Who Framed Roger Rabbit?. The reviewer liked Rocket Ranger's graphics, soundtracks, and digitized voices, so he gave it an A+. Roger Rabbit was criticized for not having different play- ing levels, so it got an A-.

Since this was the first is- sue, the Questions Forum was empty, but the editor re- quested that readers send him their Commodore-relat- ed questions. The address for those questions was a lit- tle odd, however. To submit a question, readers are in- structed to jot it on a note and deliver it to the editor, John Edward Everson, in Miss Celona’s sixth-grade class, room 10 at R. W. Car- bonaro School in Valley Stream. Oh, yes—John re- quests that you include your name, class, grade, and room number with your questions. He'll answer your

questions to the best of his ability and expertise and, if necessary, seek further infor- mation on QuantumLink.

The Carbonaro Commo- dore Users Group is open to 64 and 128 users at the school and to Commodore users in the community, as well. Just because the edi- tor is in the sixth grade, don't think he's a lightweight when it comes to knowing his way around a computer. The accompanying disk— which came free with the first issue of the newsletter but will cost $1 from now on—contains two of John’s programs. One of these, Bowman, made the top ten download list on Q-Link for several months last fall.

John, who has access to several computers, chose a 128 with Paperclip Publisher to produce his newsletter. The 128 has a 50MB hard drive and a 13MB RAMLink, and it's connected to a Star NX-1000 color printer. It's not exactly a lightweight sys- tem, but John's father is al- so an avid Commodore fan.

Through word of mouth, the Carbonaro user group has grown considerably in just a short time, and John is sending out several hun- dred copies of his newslet- ter each month. As | write this, another issue is about ready to hit the school corri- dors and mailboxes across the country.

In a day when many user groups are closing their doors, it's refreshing to hear about a new one being start- ed by a new generation of 64 and 128 users. We at Ga- zette want to wish John good luck with his newslet- ter and hope the Carbonaro User Group prospers. a

GAZETTE

64/128 VIEW G-1

A new generation of computer users is discovering the 64 and 128. One young enthusiast has started a user group at school and has his own newsletter.

By Tom Netsel.

FEEDBACK G-2 Questions and comments from our readers. D’IVERSIONS G-6

The grand-prize winner of the Design-a-Robot Contest is Gordon H. Smith of Kenosha, Wisconsin. His winning robot is named GOLMER.

By Fred D'Ignazio.

BITS, BYTES, AND BLOOPERS

Have you ever done something stupid while working at your computer? Cheer up. When it comes to computer boo-boos, you aren't alone. By Julia L. Wilkinson.

REVIEWS

Back to the Future Part III, Goofy's Railway Express, and Donald's Alphabet Chase.

PROGRAMMER’S PAGE G-18

Here are some dazzlers to show off your machine. By Randy Thompson.

BEGINNER BASIC

Learn to write an amortization program so you can check your bank's or mortgage company's figures.

By Larry Cotton.

6-8

G-14

G-22

GEOS G-24 Fonts are an exciting aspect of using GEOS,

and literally hundreds of them are available.

By Steve Vander Ark.

PROGRAMS

Milk Run G-25 Turbo Poker G-29 File Lord G-30 Pixel Mover G-33 Batch File 64 G-38

MAY 1992 COMPUTE

Questions

and answers ahout ML demos, alphabetical directory listings, mind- reading programs, and more

G-2 COMPUTE MAY 1992

FEEDBACK

Machine Language Demos Could you tell me what | need to make superb demon- stration programs in machine language? To help me learn about the 64 and machine lan- guage programming, | have purchased COMPUTE's Com- modore 64/128 Power BASIC, All About the Commodore 64, Mapping the Commodore 64, and Machine Language for Beginners.

STEVEN MCCLAUGHERTY HURRICANE, WV

The books you've purchased are a great beginning for learn- ing and applying machine lan- guage for the 64. Machine lan- guage programming can be broken into two broad groups: machine specific and machine general. Machine specific programming takes the properties of the comput- er itself into account, often making use of built-in ma- chine routines, such as those from BASIC or the disk oper- ating system. Using these rou- tines to handle many essen- tial computer functions frees the programmer from a lot of tedious programming.

In order to use existing rou- tines, however, you need to know what routines the com- puter uses to do its job and what the routines do. Do they need values passed to them to work? Do they return val- ues? How do they affect the operation of the computer? You'll also need to know the logical internal arrangement of the computer, how the mem- ory is laid out, and how to ac- cess these locations and ma- nipulate the associated data.

Each microprocessor has its own set of codes for ma- chine language. You need to know these commands, or at least be familiar with the group of mnemonics. This is where an assembler comes in handy as a programming aid.

As to the other broad divi-

sion of machine language pro- gramming, general ML, there are some fundamental rules and standard operations. All of this sounds like an awful lot to learn, but you can start small and build up your knowl- edge. Because everything in the computer is interrelated in some way, it all falls into place with time. Applications can then be found for your knowledge as you learn. Think- ing in machine language terms is a departure from think- ing in high level languages such as BASIC, but the learn- ing curve is no steeper. So plunge in and have fun!

Orderly Directories

Is there any program for alter- ing the sequence of files in a directory or for listing directo- ty files alphabetically?

GLEN M, SHUE

SILVER SPRING, MD

There are several. Commo- dore provides such a utility with its disk drive test/demo disk for the 1541 and other drives, and COMPUTE's Ga- zette published one called Di- rectory Magic (October 1987). Directory Magic lets you alphabetize, change file- names, and move entries where you want them. You can also scan the contents of both programs and text files.

A copy of this disk and any Gazette Disk earlier than June 1990 can be had for on- ly $3.50. Order by writing to Single Gazette Disk Sales, 324 West Wendover Avenue, Suite 200, Greensboro, North Carolina 27408. Be sure to specify the month and year of the desired disk. A copy of Di- rectory Magic can be also be found for downloading in our COMPUTE/NET area of Quan- tum Link. Also, you may find several utilities of this kind in user group archives and on lo- cal bulletin board systems and networks.

Mind-Reading 64

Can you help me with a pro- gram that would appear to read people's minds? If some- one held up a pencil, | would type in “Please tell me what this person is holding,” and the computer would display PENCIL. If the person held up acomputer disk, | would type “Describe this item,” and the computer would display DISK. The secret would be that the first letter of the item name would correspond with the first letter | type in when | ask what the item is.

EARL WALKER LANSDALE, PA

Here's a BASIC program that should do what you need.

HF 16 INPUT "{CLR} {DOWN} {N}WHAT NUMBER OF {SPACE} ITEMS";N:DI M IS$(N)

FOR X=1 TO N:PRINT "WHAT'S ITEM";X;:1 NPUT I$(X) :NEXT PRINT" {CLR}

{2 DOWN}THE AMAZIN G COMPUDINI!® PRINT: PRINT: INPUT" WHAT IS YOUR QUEST ION";Q$: PRINT FL=@:FOR X=1 TO N: IF LEFT$(Q$,1) =LEF TS(I$(X),1) THEN F L=X

IF FL>@ THEN PRINT "THAT IS ... ";:FO R-X=1 TO 1000:NEXT : PRINTI$ (FL) :GOTO4 6

IF FL=@ THEN PRINT "I'M STUMPED ON TH AT ONE!":GOTO49

CI 26 JE 38 RK 46

XA 50

GJ 66 QK 78

MG 86

Line 10 sets up an array ac- cording to the number of items involved. Notice that by pressing Ctrl-N we are using upper- and lowercase letters in the program.

Line 20 asks the magician for the item names. If the first letter of your question in line 40 starts with a capital letter, then the item you enter must also start with a capital letter if it's to match. (Don't let your audience see you enter data

it respective companies

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Where to

find read/write heads and how to program with EPROMs

COMPUTE MAY 1992

FEEDBACK

for these first two lines.)

Line 30 prepares the screen for the first question from the magician. In line 40 the program accepts the ques- tion then moves to line 50 to see if the first letter of the item corresponds to the first letter of the question. Remember, the case must also agree if there’s to be a match.

If a corresponding item is found, line 70 prints the word—after taking a dramatic pause. If there's no match, the program moves to line 80 to report that it’s stumped. Ei- ther way, the program then re- turns to the prompt for a new question.

This is just the basic pro- gram. You can add your own bells and whistles later. You may want to save lists of items to disk, add spooky graphic effects and sounds, and so on to make the pro- gram more entertaining.

Read/Write Heads

My local Commodore service technician has advised me to replace the read/write heads in my 1571 disk drive. Distrib- utors, meanwhile, haven't been able to suggest any- thing better than purchasing a new drive unit. Can you tell me how to get a read/write head set without buying an en- tirely new disk drive?

LODOVICO BONINSEGNI CURRIDABAT, COSTA RICA

Our information, which we got from a local service techni- cian, is that read/write head sets have been discontinued. Instead, the closest option is to have your technician order a 1571 drive assembly (part number 252092-01). As of late 1991, it has a suggested retail price of $148.50.

EPROMs and HEX

| would like to know how to put a program on an EPROM and then make the 64 recog-

nize the EPROM's presence. | would also like to know where | can find a cross refer- ence to hex characters, such as those in MLX listings.

JOSEPH YARMEL NANTICOKE, PA

Erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) is a chip upon which a program or group of programs can be stored. To program the chip re- quires a piece of hardware called, naturally enough, an EPROM programmer. The chips may also be erased and reused. For the profession- al programmer and hobbyist alike, EPROMs allow a quality alternative to software packag- ing with a high level of protec- tion from both physical and software abuse. When an EPROM cartridge board is plugged into the 64 expan- sion port, its contents are found from memory address 32768 ($8000) onward.

EPROMs come in several capacities, such as 4K bytes (16 CBM disk blocks), 8K (32 blocks), 16K (64 blocks), 32K (128 blocks), and 64K (256 blocks). Code painted on the EPROM identifies its capacity. A popular series of EPROMs is the 2700 series, whose code is a 27 followed by the capacity in kilobits. For exam- ple, with the NEC D27128D EPROM you would divide the 128, indicating 128 kilobits, by 8 to discover that its capac- ity is 16 kilobytes or divide by 2 to find that the equivalent in disk storage is 64 blocks.

Once you've installed your program on this chip, you're ready to make your software autobooting. One of the first things the Kernal RESET rou- tine does is check locations 32772-32776 ($8004-08) for the string of characters CBM80 (HEX C3 C2 CD 38 30). If these exact characters aren't found, the Kernal RE- SET process continues.

If the CBM80 is found, the RESET routine is interrupted, and the processor immediate- ly jumps to whatever location is specified by the cartridge cold-start vector. This vector is expected to be found at lo- cations 32768-32769 ($8000- 01). A pointer must be placed here, in standard low byte/high byte order, direct- ing the processor to the begin- ning of the cartridge code. From that point on, your car- tridge software must handle all the initialization itself for any functions it will use, such as the I/O devices or Kernal or BASIC routines. The Kernal initialization routines are, of course, still available to be called upon for this. Unless you know exactly what you're doing, your cartridge should use these routines to initialize the functions it needs. For EPROM supplies, call Jason- Ranheim at (800) 421-7731.

The second part of your question is easy. Hex, short for hexadecimal, or base-16 numbering, is an easy, two- character way of representing all 256 possible values that might be contained in the 64’s memory. You can’t tell anything from these numbers themselves. A particular value might be a number, letter, or other kind of data. It could al- so be part of a machine code command or an adaress in a jump table. If you want to ex- amine a program, you'll have to view it with a disassembler. You can’t really tell anything from a MLX listing. However, if you want to know the text equivalents of hex codes for, Say, screen printing, take a look at the table in the Commo- dore 64 Programmer's Refer- ence Guide.

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Gordon Smith's GOLMER won top prize in our Design-a-Robot Contest. Here are some of its specifications.

COMPUTE MAY 1992

D'IVERSIONS

Fred D'lgnazio

GOLMER THE ROBOT

Last month we announced the winners of the Design-a-Robot Contest. This month we'll point the spotlight at the grand prize winner, Gordon H. Smith of Kenosha, Wisconsin, and his robot GOLMER. GOLMER is an unusual name, even for a robot. It stands for Gordon's Own Lit- tle Mechanical Electrical Ro- bot. GOLMER was the most im- pressive contest entry that | received. The package includ- ed photographs, hardware di- agrams, program listings, even an Interface Report. Now, I'll turn the column over to Gordon Smith and let him tell you what GOLMER can do now and what's planned for the future. GOLMER is a self-con- tained mobile robot with exter- nal controls. At the present

time GOLMER is slow, and his abilities are limited. He was de- signed to go to the refrigera- tor and get me something to drink. When he can do that, | will consider him useful, but he'll never be finished. There will always be upgrades. He'll have on-board logic to avoid obstacles and will be able to communicate with an external computer through FM radio signals. This will allow him to receive complicated com- mands and to send status re- ports to the main computer. Status reports will include distance and direction trav- eled, path taken, and position of each moving part on the ro- bot. Also, there will be an ad- justable light source and indi- cators for running time and estimated power remaining, In the future | may add to his cir- cuits a thermometer, a smoke alarm, and an intruder detec- tor. GOLMER could be tied in- to an alarm system and have his own built-in protection, such as a squirt gun. | may even install an ultrasonic pest repellent for ants, mice, mosqui- toes, bees, and so on. GOLMER's design is pat- terned after Johnny Five in the movie Short Circuit. | like this design because it can fold it- self into a small package. The head is patterned after the se- curity robots in the movie Chop- ping Mall. Much of GOLMER's design is based on a Radio Electronics article from 1981, “How to Build Your Own Robot for Under $400.” The main prin- ciple involves sending touch- tone frequencies over a walkie- talkie. GOLMER decodes the frequencies into functions. GOLMER uses two basic programs, one written in 8088 assembly language and one written in C. Both do the same thing. A menu lets you sample incoming data from eight data switches or eight feedback ports, or you can send out num- bers that will turn on any or all

of eight outputs. With eight bi- nary inputs or outputs, each digit can represent a number from 0 to 255. With a micropro- cessor on board, this number can give you 256 separate commands. Each command could initiate a series of tasks.

| would like to use infrared light to avoid obstacles and to locate objects to pick up. Infra- red could be transmitted through fiber optics to the hands to detect objects. Hall effect sensors could detect metal objects, and ultrasonics could be used to measure dis- tances in order to map aroom for future reference.

A JAEMCO speech synthe- sizer will be added to give GOLMER a voice. | want to give him ears, but that's much more complicated. An existing voice-detection circuit has on- ly five commands built in: for- ward, reverse, left, right, and stop. It would be nice to pick up sounds with a microphone and try to compute a re- sponse to spoken language.

My interest in robots began when | was ten years old, watching Lost in Space. Twen- ty years later | tried to build the robot that appeared in the se- ries. It looked good, but | found out | didn't know enough about the robotics. So | took a course in the subject at Gateway Technical College in Kenosha, Wisconsin. | built GOLMER as a final project.

| am trying to complete work on GOLMER so | can use it to start a robot rental busi- ness. If that works out, | would like to manufacture robots for entertainment and for useful tasks like housecleaning and aiding the handicapped.

GOLMER is a success at en- tertaining and making instant crowds. Children of all ages want to see GOLMER again and again. They want a robot of their own; they want to know how to get one or how to make one. Everyone needs one. 0

INTRODUCING

COMPUT

@ Coming Events

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HAVE YOU EVER DELETED A CRUCIAL FILE OR COMMITTED SOME OTHER COMPUTER BOO-BOO? YOU AREN'T ALONE. —

BITS, BYTES, AND BLOOPERS

BY JULIA Ihe WILKINSON So you made ; stl pi “mistake. Mistakes are to be ie

when | you're learning something. Since

especial

working with computers is a continuous learning Bes you should expect to make your share of EON

Perhaps you. can take some solace in the fact that other people

are doing the same silly things—and some even sillier.

lillie

id igge id?!

saa

If you’re one of those people who are berating their momentary idiocy, take heart. Worse things have been done while worshiping at that silicon altar. Take a minute to peruse these discon- certing anecdotes from the Computer Boo-Boo Hall of Fame. If you've been guilty of one of these mistakes, take comfort in the fact that you're not alone. No names have been used for obvious reasons.

On Campus

A Penn State student who'd just com- pleted a paper using MacWrite asked the computer lab consultant how to print it. He responded that she should pull down the File menu and select Print. The ensuing blank stare told the consultant that the student didn't know how to use a pull-down menu. “See that little arrow?” he asked, point- ing to the screen. “Use the mouse to move it to the word File at the top of the screen. Then hold the button down and drag it downward until you reach Print.” The student then picked up the mouse, put it against the moni- tor, and began to move it up and down the screen.

A University of Delaware student ap- proached a lab consultant and said, “I can't find the Any key.”

“What do you mean?” asked the con- fused consultant.

“Oh, you know,” the student said, “right here where the program instruc- tions say, ‘Hit any key to continue.’”

Mainframe computer systems at schools and universities normally per- mit access by students and faculty. To protect each person's files, programs, and electronic mail, however, most sys- tems require a password from the us- er. A student logging on to the comput- er at one large university had to abort this process when it came time to se- lect a password. He couldn't think of a six-letter word.

A Carnegie Mellon University stu- dent tried to log on to the CMU comput- er by entering his user identification number (USERID) from the College of William and Mary.

Another student tried to log on to the mainframe using the serial number of his PC as a USERID.

A student was told to put the system disk and one data disk into a Macin- tosh. She put the two 3%-inch disks on top of each other and crammed them both into the same drive. Along the same lines, another computer novice tried to jam a disk into the slight open- ing between the A and B drives.

Do As | Say These mistakes may seem silly, but we should bear in mind that the instruction-

G-10 COMPUTE MAY 1992

al terminology is often not accurate or specific enough. It's the old story of a person who religiously follows the direc- tions for making a peanut butter sand- wich. When instructed to place the pea- nut butter on the bread, the person sets the entire jar on the slice.

That might explain why when a con- sultant told a customer over the tele- phone to put the disk in the drive and close the door, he heard the sound of footsteps followed by the sound of a door slamming.

Another gentleman complained that his manual instructed him to “remove the diskette and hold for transmission.” That wasn't too helpful. He held the disk for an hour and a half, and noth- ing happened. Many tales are told of folks who, when asked to send copies of their disks, comply by sending pho- tocopies of them.

High-level executives aren't immune from following instructions too literally. A senior vice president of marketing called in a problem on a Saturday af- ternoon: “This darn thing says, ‘Press 10 to continue.’ I've pressed the F, the 1, and the O keys at least a dozen times, and nothing happens!”

A customer called a computer store and said, “I’ve read the book about DOS. Now what about the don'ts?”

Another person thought “take disk out of envelope” meant prying the mag- netic medium from the black plastic, not taking the plastic from the sleeve.

This is not to say that users are to- tally at fault for these kinds of misunder- standings. As one contributor to this ar- ticle wrote, “Why should we consider the use of a mouse to be intuitive or as- sume that someone using a word proc- essor for the first time will know that his work will disappear if he pulls the pow- er plug from the wall?”

That’s Not What | Meant

People often take computer jargon lit- erally. Who can blame them, when the terminology often has additional, more common meanings? One computer ex- pert bumped into this problem when writing a memo in response to a re- quest from 3M, asking him to explain why a certain company was having problems with disk failures.

His memo stated that the disks were failing because of head crashes, and counseled, “If the customers would just clean their heads periodical- ly, they wouldn't have this problem.”

To which the customer replied in all seriousness, “What kind of shampoo do you recommend we use?”

Disk Dilemma

Many problems stem from misunder- standings about the handling of disks.

One man who had problems with a backup called a technician, who discov- ered the man’s disks were bent like half-moons. When the technician asked what had happened to them, the man said they always looked like that after he typed the labels on them.

One writer was told she should nev- er write on the disk label with a ball- point pen, so she used pencil and erased it each time she made a change. When the disk finally failed, she lost several chapters of her book. She had to rewrite them from notes and intermediate printouts.

Then there was the guy who couldn't figure out why his disks wouldn't work in his 3¥%-inch drive. He'd taken the larger 5%-inch ones and trimmed them exactly to size.

Disk labels pose another problem. Not everyone realizes the label is sup- posed to fold over the back of the 3%- inch disk shell. One computerist had placed the label over the front side of the disk without folding it. It extended over the metal sleeve that has to slide open to access the disk itself. Another disk glitch has to do with loss of infor- mation. A woman wanted to make sure hers were safe, so she secured the disks to the side of her monitor— with magnets. Other office personnel have been known to keep their disks handy by hanging them on magnets stuck to the side of a filing cabinet.

Out of the Mouths of Babes

Sometimes it takes a child to make us realize how truly far we still have to go. One man who had just bought a 64 for his kids showed them a game which drew simple shapes on the screen. It used D for draw, M for move, C to change the color, and so on.

It may not be all that exciting for us, but the kids got a kick out of doing it. Imagine the man's surprise when he re- turned to where he had left his four- year-old son playing with the comput- er and saw a screen full of circles, squares, triangles, and colors, includ- ing some interesting geometric shapes that required options and func- tions that should've taken days to mas- ter. “Wow, that’s great!" he said to the boy. “Show me how you did that!”

The young boy took hold of the key- board with both hands and bashed his forehead into it several times.

Journalistic Bloopers

Ah, the power of the media! The abili- ty to disseminate information to millions of people can be heady stuff. Unfortu- nately, that power carries with it a dan- ger as well. The wrong information sometimes slips through the system undetected—especially when comput-

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ers are used to file stories.

One journalist tells the story of a wire- service reporter in an Associated Press office who wrote a letter to her mother on the AP computer system. The letter was full of enthusiastic refer- ences to the neat new computers AP had just bought, followed by extreme- ly disparaging remarks about the boss. She also included some com- ment about how you could type some- thing there in the office and have it go from that computer to hundreds of me- dia outlets.

Legend has it that, as you can guess, the letter was transmitted to eve- ry radio station in the state, and the au- thor was fired. Now, AP apparently has a rule that no personal correspon- dence is allowed on its computers.

And speaking of radio stations, com- puters have been responsible for some interesting bloopers there, too. A couple of years ago, a newsman at a Seattle station read an erroneous head- line over the air. It dealt with a senator who had been found naked and drunk outside a Washington, D.C., nightclub.

The headline was promptly retracted two minutes later. Apparently, a staffer who was about to resign from the sta- tion had put a set of fake headlines in- to the station’s BASYS computer sys-

tem as a joke. Everyone thought the bogus headlines had been deleted, but a copy evidently appeared in the backup of the sports headline set.

Best—or worst—of all, among those listening to the radio broadcast at the time, in a car with his wife and family, was the senator himself.

Probably the most frequent comput- er glitch that afflicts reporters is losing portions of their work to the computer. There's the story of one newsman dur- ing the Carter administration who threw himself a little too much into cov- ering the unveiling of the ephemeral Bil- ly Beer. He returned to the newsroom after sampling more than a few bottles of the product, ready to input his mag- num opus into the paper's computer.

After much fevered typing, he real- ized, two minutes to deadline, that he'd typed the entire story on a directory screen rather than saving it to a file. In his panic, he hit the Store button, which made the whole thing disappear forever. It's said that was the last time that particular reporter was ever sent to cover any event where alcohol was on the menu of items being served.

There are many ways to lose a story when working with computers. Another reporter spent an hour or so toiling over a long story without saving it to

COMPUTE MAY 1992

disk. He leaned back in his chair and stretched, with his arms behind his head, and the chair went over back- ward. As the reporter tumbled, the toe of his shoe caught on the power cord and yanked it out of the wall. Good- bye, story.

Rumor has it that a certain Gazette editor has done a similar thing on more than one occasion by accidental- ly hitting the On/Off switch on the pow- er strip beneath his desk.

Sometimes it's an external force that Causes a user to lose work. One computerist recalls with woe an eve- ning in his apartment when he'd been writing for four hours without saving. Just as he was about to hit the Return key to save his work, a drunken driver crashed into a pole outside the apart- ment, killing power to the building.

Experts Fall Victim

Even seasoned computer consultants goof up now and then. One admits to calling the repairman when his printer wouldn't print. He had it plugged into the wrong port. Another consultant once confused her modem and mouse cables.

A systems programmer beat on his machine for half an hour, screaming be- cause it wouldn't work. Everything ap- parently checked out, but nothing ap- peared on his monitor. He had the con- trast turned all the way down.

In the data-processing department of a hospital, someone thought it would be nice to have some sturdy can- vas dust covers for the CRTs, Late one night, an employee was going to the snack bar and smelled something like burning electronics coming from that of- fice. Luckily, there was no fire, but now the office staff knows it's a good idea to turn off a monitor before putting a dust cover over it for the night.

Try the Obvious

Sometimes the most obvious is the last thing tried. A computer consultant tells the story of a personnel clerk who called, explaining that her computer just showed a blank screen and wouldn't do anything. When he asked if the computer was turned on, she scolded him vehemently for impugning her integrity, informing him that she had graduated from a prestigious col- lege and certainly had enough com- mon sense to turn the computer on. Un- fortunately, she didn't have enough common sense to plug it in.

Julia Wilkinson is a freelance writer and telecommunications junkie based in Vir- ginia. She admits to making stupid mis- takes frequently. o

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REVIEWS

BACK TO THE FUTURE PART Ill

OK. So | don’t play arcade games that often. To appeal to me, a game has to be re- ally good. It has to entice me into it and make me want to continue playing. It has to be challenging enough so that | can’t master it immediately, but it has to be masterable.

It has to have good sound, good graphics, and aclever plotline. Ifit's ground- ed in some other fiction or re- ality, such as a television show or current event, so much the better. The rules have to make a certain sense, and the program must create a reality of its own. This requires smooth programming. | want to be able to lose myself in the game, not get lost in its com- plexities. This is a tall order to be sure, but this is what a program needs if it’s to at- tract me. Back to the Future Part Ill has what it takes.

One small confession: None of our test team, Dave and Robin (the adults) and Meaghan (the kid), was able to get past the first level of this game. We kept trying, but we couldn't get close enough to break the barrier into the second level. Of course, this means that there's a lot to the program we can't comment on. You can tell a lot about a game from its first level, however; it lets me know whether | want to play it or not.

Back to the Future Part III is based on key scenes from the movie of the same name. You don’t have to have seen the movie to play, but the scenes and goals are much more meaningful if you have. In the movie, Mar- ty McFly has to go back to 1885 where Doc has opted to live out the rest of his

G-14. COMPUTE MAY 1992

days. Unfortunately, Marty has just discovered those days number only 3! So he’s going to bring Doc back to the future.

Upon reaching 1885, Mar- ty encounters Indians, a love- ly schoolteacher, and bad guy Buford “Mad Dog” Tan- nen. Each of these encoun-

cially Doc’s. You (Marty) start spinning pie tins Fris- bee-style at the bad guys. Level 4 is the final run for the money. You must make your way over the roof of a moving train to supply it with enough of Doc's magic logs to get it up to the 88 mph necessary to send the De-

Doc must dodge Indians and other obstacles if he is to rescue Clara from a runaway buckboard that's heading for a ravine.

ters plays a part in our good guys’ efforts to reach 1985.

The program takes four of the key turning points of the film as the basis of the four playing levels. Level 1 de- picts the episode where Doc rescues schoolteacher Clara Clayton from the runa- way buckboard before it falls into the ravine. As Doc, you try to catch the racing buckboard while galloping across rugged terrain and avoiding tumbling debris, crossfire between Indians and cavalrymen, and bank robbers.

Level 2 takes place at the celebration of the building of the clock tower where you— this time as Marty—take your turn at a newfangled shooting gallery.

Level 3 takes place later at the celebration when the bad guys are acting up and spoiling everyone's fun, espe-

Lorean Time Machine back to the future!

| really appreciate the pro- gram’s faithfulness to the film and the ingenuity used to adapt the situations to play- able circumstances. | also have to compliment the graphics and the feel of the program. The horse on Lev- el 1 is well drawn and grace- ful as it gallops across the screen. AS you approach ditches and fallen suitcases, the anticipation is not unlike that of jumping a live horse. | even felt myself rise from my seat and lean forward with each jump.

Considering that my expe- rience with arcade games isn't extensive, | suppose that what's challenging to meisn'tnearly so much an ob- stacle to an avid player. Per- haps, but then this program gets progressively harder. What | like best is that it's not

defeating. | always feel it’s within my power to do better next time. Nothing is more frustrating than an arcade game that continually creams you, and a frustrat- ing game is one no one wants to play for long.

One warning: Don’t start this game in dim light. As copy protection, this pro- gram resorts to the trendy password printed in black on dark red paper. The print is hard to read if you have good vision and nearly invis- ible if you have any sort of eye trouble, particularly col- or blindness. There has to be a better way.

The manual is really good—probably the best combination of entertaining writing, background informa- tion, directions, and helpful hints I've seen with a pro- gram in along time. The only thing | would add would be a listing of the maximum num- ber of points you could accu- mulate at each level. This is because you can either con- centrate on making a clean run (not losing a life), or you can try to make a clean run and rack up points. If you knew the maximum possible number of points, you'd know when to quit looking for point opportunities.

This brings up an interest- ing hitch we found. The man- ual tells you twice not to shoot the cavalry, but the game gives you points for do- ing so. | sense a subtlety here. The cavalry seems to act as a screen; the calvary- men help to fight off the Indi- ans and the bank robbers, giving you a little more room to maneuver. When you shoot them, you lose their help. On the other hand, I've been killed by as many cav- alrymen as Indians, so... .

Of all the arcade games I've played, Back to the Fu- ture Part Ill is probably the

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Circle Reader Service Number 194

“Gazette Gallery,” where each month we present the very best in original 64 and 128 artwork.

So don’t waste another moment. Subscribe to- day to COMPUTE's Gazette Disk and get 12 issues for only $49.95. You save almost 60% off the single- issue price. Clip or photocopy and mail completed coupon today.

Individual issues of the disk are available for $9.95 (plus $2.00 shipping and handling) by writing to COMPUTE, 324 West Wendover Avenue, Suite 200, Greensboro, North Carolina 27408.

YES! Start my one-year subscription to COMPUTE’s Gazette Disk right away for only $49.95.*

O Payment enclosed (check or money order)

OCharge (MasterCard O Visa programs published in the corresponding issue of Acct. No. Exp. Date COMPUTE. Signature =

New on the Gazette Disk! In addition to the Name news programs that appear in the magazine, you'll also edress get outstanding bonus programs. These programs, : which are often too large to offer as type-ins, are Steal ZIP] available only on disk—they appear nowhere else. Province Postal Code

Mail to COMPUTE’s Gazette Disk, P.O. Box 3250, Harlan, IA 51593-2430

“Residents of NC and NY, please add appropriate sales tax for your area. Canadian Orders, add 7% goods and services tax.

I | I | | I | I | get all the latest, most challenging, and fascinating | | | I | I | | | | | |

As another Gazette Disk extra, check out

REVIEWS

most fun, The pace is varied, notconstantly and increasing- ly tense as some games are. Graphics and sound are ex- cellent. It has humor, plot, and familiar characters. There’s also something more. The game has an intan- gible personality of its own, something programs take on only when they're well craft- ed, tight, and uniformly good, which Back to the Fu- ture Part III is.

ROBIN JOY MINNICK

Commodore 64 and 128—$39.95 KONAMI

900 Deerfield Pkwy,

Buffalo Grove, IL 60089-4510 (708) 215-5111

Circle Reader Service Number 341

GOOFY’S RAILWAY EXPRESS AND DONALD’S ALPHABET CHASE

As amom and computer fan, I've long been satisfied with the 64's contribution to my children's education. From Carmen Sandiego, World Ge- ography, Scrabble, and prod- ucts from Davidson Educa- tional Software, Commo- dore, and Fisher-Price on down to the Children's Tele- vision Workshop's Sesame Street series, there's been something at every level to keep my kids' eyes, hands, and minds glued to the com- puter, painlessly absorbing new concepts while being challenged in play.

Always looking for quality programs, | check out par- ticular points when brows- ing. Is it attractive to my chil- dren? Does it make good use of the computer's capa- bilities? The 64 can manage both good graphics and good sound; a program that ignores this is too limited and

G-16 COMPUTE MAY 1992

risks losing its audience. A program the kids won't use is useless. Does the pro- gram teach something spe- cific, or can it expand my chil- dren's world? If it bears the label educational, the pro- gram had better do one of these; otherwise, it's entertain- ment masquerading as some- thing else.

good friends? I'm happy to say that these programs ful- fill my other requirements, too.

Geared for ages 2-5, these two games are an ex- ploration of new worlds for preschoolers, In Goofy's Rail- way Express, Goofy and Mick- ey chug along the country- side in their train. Puffs of

When a child presses a letter on the keyboard, Donald goes to his nephews’ bedroom and other rooms to find the hiding letter.

As moms and dads the world over know, there are characters with universal ap- peal who have earned plac- es in our children’s Hearts of Fame. These friends include Bert and Ernie, Big Bird, Bugs Bunny, Mickey and Min- nie Mouse, Goofy, and Donald Duck. Products asso- ciated with any of these char- acters have guaranteed at- traction and appeal, but are they worthwhile on other counts?

Goofy's Railway Express and Donald's Alphabet Chase are two products from Disney Software that au- tomatically fulfill the first re- quirement of child appeal. Who could resist Mickey’s

smoke issue from the smoke- stack in all sorts of shapes. Children press the space bar to toot the whistle when- ever they want to see a shape used to make areal ob- ject. In one sequence a trian- gle becomes a teepee; in an- other, it becomes a sailboat. These objects briefly be- come an animated part of the scenery.

Meanwhile, Goofy’s train chugs on, passing through four different screens to his destination. There he revers- es direction and heads back, the engine huffing and puffing more smoke shapes. Because the sequences take a little time and the train keeps moving, there isn’t

time to change all the shapes on a screen. It takes several passes to catch all the shapes, thus holding the child's interest longer.

Goofy's graphics are excel- lently detailed, crisp, and en- tertaining. Sound effects are sprinkled throughout to good advantage. The interac- tion with the computer is kept simple—pressing the space bar—so that even the youngest child can handle this program in minutes. As children accompany Goofy and Mickey on their train tide, they learn how shapes make up the objects of our world.

Donald's Alphabet Chase allows children to play with the computer keyboard and experiment with recognizing letters. Donald's alphabet pets have escaped from his nephews’ room and are run- ning rampant throughout the house. He needs help catch- ing them. When a child press- es a letter, Donald goes to whatever room that letter is hiding in, waits until the let- ter leaves its hiding place, then picks it up and tosses it up to the top of the screen. When all the letters in a room are caught, the alpha- bet song plays.

The antics of these silly al- phabet pets are delightful. Donald responds according- ly as they click the television on and off, stick their tongues out at him, and toss things out of the closet. There aren't a lot of sound ef- fects, but the animation is ter- rific. In this game, the child is in control. Rather than ask- ing the children to match the letters, Donald follows their di- rections and seeks out what- ever letter they press. This al- lows them the freedom to explore the game and lets the parent guide children ac- cording to their abilities. Old- er children may be ready to

locate a particular letter, while younger ones may select a letter and have Mom or Dad tell them what it is while Donald catches it.

Although these games are for the same age group, | found that, in our household, Goofy appealed more to 5- year-old Katie, who was ready to seek out the geometric shapes and the ob- jects created from it, while Donald won over 3-year-old Michael, who laughed at the letters and sang along with the alphabet song. A lot depends on the child, naturally, but these programs work for the age group that Disney claims they will.

Disney recommends that you back up disks—an especially smart move for children's programs. There's no prob- lem doing this since Disney's copy pro- tection doesn't depend on the disk. In- stead, at the beginning of each pro- gram you're asked to match and identi- fy a graphic with one that appears on a sheet that accompanies the program,

Herein lies my sole complaint about these programs. Disney has printed this sheet with black ink on very dark red- dish brown paper. Text is hard to read, and the graphics are difficult to see. The only reason | can see for making this so dark is so that it cannot be pho- tocopied. My guess is borne out by the fact that Disney charges $15 to replace a lost sheet. It will replace a damaged one free of charge, provided you send the pieces. While | hold no truck with pi- rating, making the sheet almost unread- able isn't the answer.

The process of creating and devel- oping characters of the magnitude of Mickey Mouse and his companions car- ries a certain amount of responsibility. Any products that use these images should be closely scrutinized before they're placed on the market. Such prod- ucts should be of high quality so as not to betray the trust of these characters’ loyal following. As a rule, Disney is care- ful to meet this responsibility. It didn't let us down this time either.

ROBIN JOY MINNICK

Commodore 64 and 128—$15,95 each

DISNEY SOFTWARE 500 S. Buena Vista

Burbank, CA 91521

(818) 567-5360

Circle Reader Service Number 342 oO

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Circle Reader Service Number 204

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Circle Reader Service Number 162

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64 DISK CONNECTION

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Circle Reader Service Number 178

American Heart Association

MAY 1992 COMPUTE

G-18

Tall characters, chaos,

bouncing balls, and other programming tricks submitted

by our readers

COMPUTE MAY 1992

PROGRAMMER’S PAGE

Randy Thompson

SCREEN DAZZLERS

Here are some reader tips that show off your computer's versatile graphics hardware.

Two-Tall Text

This program creates letters that are 16 pixels tall—twice their normal height—by rede- fining the 64’s reverse charac- ter set. Using this program, you can display a double- size letter by vertically stack- ing two reverse characters, Normal (unshifted) reverse characters comprise the up- per half of the tall character set, while uppercase (shifted) reverse characters comprise the bottom half.

After typing in and running the following listing, you cre- ate an extra-tall message by pressing Ctrl-9, entering your message, moving the cursor below the message with the cursor keys, pressing the Shift Lock key, and then retyp- ing your message.

The elongated character set used by this program re- sides in the upper part of com- puter memory normally re- served for BASIC programs. Because of this, large BASIC programs may overwrite the two-tall custom character set. To avoid such a conflict, en- ter the BASIC commands POKE 43,1: POKE 44,64: POKE 16384,0: NEW before you load your next BASIC pro- gram into memory.

AF 1600 POKE 56334, PEEK ( 56334) AND 254:P OKE 1,PEEK(1) AN D 251

FOR I=8 TO 2047: POKE 14336+1,PEE K (53248+1) :NEXT {SPACE}I

POKE 1,PEEK(1) 0 R 4:POKE 56334,P EEK (56334) OR 1 0=14336:R=0+1624 ?S=R+512

FOR I=G TO 63 M=0+ (I*8)

FOR J=6 TO 7

XP 1610

PD 1629

RG 1630

GI 1640 JC 1656 GS 1666

JR 1670 POKE R+(I*8)+J,P EEK (M) :M=M+.5 NEXT J

FOR K=8 TO 7 POKE S+(1I*8)+K,P EEK (M) :M=M+.5 NEXT K,I

POKE 53272, (PEEK (53272) AND 246) OR 14

HS 1686 AD 1690 FP 1166

DX 1119 MF 1126

GLENN ALTEMOSE JR LINCOLNTON, NC

Chaotic Triangles

Here’s a 128 program that was inspired by the science of chaos—the study of ran- dom, or chaotic, events and their relationships. Basically, this program demonstrates that there can be an amazing degree of order in random- ness. If you're skeptical about this apparent contradic- tion, run the following pro- gram and see for yourself.

JX 166 COLORG,1:COLOR 4, 1:COLOR1,2 GRAPHIC 1,1 MX=319:MY=199

X (1) =6:X (2) =MX:X ( 3) =Mx/2

¥ (1) =6:¥ (2) =6:¥(3 ) =MY

ME 150 PX=MX*RND (1)

RG 160 PY=MY*RND(1)

AH 170 DO

RR 18@ P=INT (RND(1)*3+1 HH 196 PX=(PX+X(P))/2

FE 200 PY=(PY+y(P)) /2 BQ 210 DRAW ,PX,199-PY XQ 226 LOOP

CA 116 DH 126 Qp 138

PP 146

As the program plots points, it reveals the image of a trian- gle surrounded by three small- er triangles, each surrounded by three more triangles, and so on to infinity. This concept is no gimmick; it's a real scien- tific phenomenon. While the theory behind it is complicat- ed, you may never think of randomness the same way again.

HENNING VAHLENKAMP

MATAWAN, NJ

Bouncing Balls Run this program to spawn eight sprite-based balls that

fly across a black screen. They'll continue to bounce while you run a BASIC pro- gram, type in code, or enter commands at the computer's READY prompt.

BM 18 FORI=@ TO 219:READ D:C=C+D:POKE 8181 +1,D:NEXT

IF C<>21956 THEN P RINT "ERROR IN DAT A STATEMENTS": STOP SYS 8181

DATA 169,0,141,32, 208,141,33,208,76, 64,32,6,6,8,0

DATA 0,6,0,0,0,0,8 18,8,0,0,0,56,0,0 BQ 100 DATA 76,0,1,31,0, 1,63,0,3,127,128, 1,127,6,1 DATA 255,0,0, 6,0,56,0,0,0,0,0, 6,0,0

DATA 6,6,0,0,0,0, 6,5,0,6,0,0,0,0,0 DATA 169,255,141, 21,208,169,128,14 1,248,7,238,72,32 1174,72

DATA 32,224,0,208 ,243,169,1,141,39 1208,238,85,32,23 8,87

DATA 32,174,85,32 1224,9,208,238,12 6,169,115,141,26, 3,162

DATA 32,142,21,3, 88,96,238,0,208,2 06,1,208,238,2,28 8

HH 60

DX 76 CA 86

DS 96

HX 116

PX 126

KK 136

KX 140

QJ 156

BP 160

GG 170 DATA 238,2,208,23 8,3,208,238,4,208 ,206,5,208,206,5, 268

DATA 206,5,208,23 8,6,208,238,6,208 1238,6,208,238,7, 208

DATA 238,8,208,23 8,8,208,238,9,208 ,238,9,208, 238,10 268

DATA 206,11,208,2 06,11, 208,206,12, 208, 206,12, 208,20 6,12, 208

DATA 238,13,208,2 38,13,208,206,14, 268, 206,14, 208,20 6,15, 208

DATA 206,15, 208,2 06,15,208,76,49,2 34,0

JB 186

QE 196

HH 266

RD 219

JJ 226

GEZA LUCZ KINIZSI, HUNGARY

JASON-RANHEIM

CARTRIDGE MATERIALS FOR YOUR COMMODORE 64 or 128

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800-421-7731 916-878-0785 916-878-0785

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3105 Gayle Lane Auburn, CA USA 95603

Circle Reader Service Number 236

Fun braphics Machine

FUN GRAPHICS MACHINE (FGM) 1S AN “ALL-IN-ONE” GRAPHICS PROGRAM FOR THE C=64, WHAT CAN BE CREATED WITH Fom IS ONLY LIMITED BY YOUR IMAGINATION, JUST A FEW EXAMPLES:

BUSINESS CAR 2 ‘us iy SS

ONLY

Me. | ¢0405

z eae voSee4 scans anres S=na 2 zoos 55 Et rm Ph Eat o 1 m2) J nese m

run GRAPHICS MA HI-RES SCREENS

SUPPORTS IMP IANY POPULAI

m5 4

zc >a

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Big Blue Reader 128/64 Read & Write IBM PC Disks!

Big Blue Reader 128/64 is a fast, easy-to-use, menu driven program for novice and expert alike. Transfers word processing, text, ASCII, and binary files between Commodore 64/128 and IBM PC Zones? 360K 5.25" and 720K 3.5" disks. _ Incl

Requires 1571 or 1581 Disk Drive. Does not work a 1541.

BBR 128 Version 3.1 upgrade, $18+ original BBR disk.

Big Blue Reader 128/64 only $44.95

Bible Search 3.2

The only C64/128 Bible Program With: 1. The Entire Old and New Testament on (4) 1541/71 or (2) 1581 disks. 2. An Exhausti i cordance on (2) 1541/71 or (1) 1581

disks; includes more than 700,000+ references.

3. Incredible five (5) second look-up time, per/word, per/disk. 4. Instant, automatic spell checking of more than 12,800 words. 5. Boolean search options, including AND, OR & NOT logic. 6. Search entire Bible in 5 seconds with 1581 or Hard Drive (v3.52). 7. AMoney Back Guarantee! Includes: Easy-to-use, C64 and C128 (40/80 column) programs; printer and disk output; users guide, disk case, and more.

Available on (7) 1541/71, or (4) 1581 disks.

(Gospel Demo $5)

KJV $49.95 veveveveve NIV $59.95 *@ Any questions? Call or write for more information. Also Available! AMIGA, Bible Search Order by check, money order, or COD. US Funds only. ** FREE shipping in North America. No Credit Card orders. Foreign orders add $5 S/H ($10 whole Bible)

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115 Bellmont Road; Decatur, Indiana 46733

eNO AVAIN = GROUP

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COMMODORE UPGRADES

NEW POWER SUPPLIES

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| © 4.3. amp supply for 0-128. Same features as

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a your own Commodore/Amiga and save

F lots of money. Kits contain all major chips schematics, diagnostics, etc. No soldering Send for full details. Five different kits available

SUPER 1750 REU CLONE

Version I! of the popular $12K RAM Expander for your C64/128. Requires no additional power supply .. «++ $142.50

COMMODORE DIAGNOSTICIAN II

Originally developed as a software package, then converted to a readable format, the Diagnostician has become a fantastic seller With over 38,000 sold worldwide. Diagnosti: cian Il utilizes sophisticated cross-reference grids to locate faulty components (ICs) on all C-64 and C1541 computers (C-128/64 mode) Save money and downtime by promptly locat~ ing what chip(s) have failed. (No equipment of any kind needed.) Success rate from diagnosis- to-repair is 96%. Includes basic schematic. $6.95 (Avail. or Amiga computers with 315" dk at $1495.)

SPECIALS

© COMPUTER SAVER: This C-64 Protection ‘System saves you costly repairs. Over 52% of (64 failures are caused by malfunctioning power supplies that destroy your computer Installs in seconds between power supply & G-64. No soldering, 2 year warranty. An absolute must and great seller ......

Avoid obsolescence, Allows you to use any Gommodore (C-64) printer on any PC compati~ ble or clone. Does not work with

PRINTHEAD REFURBISHING

Save time and money by having your tired, worn-out or damaged printhead refurbished or remanutactured at a fraction of the cost of anew one, Features low cost, 5 day service and 1 year warranty. For example: Okidata 80/90/ 100 heads are $64.95; Epson (9 Pin) EX/FX/ LX are $69.95.

REPLACEMENT/UPGRADE CHIPS & PARTS

PLA 905114 .

All 901/225-6:

4164 (C-64/RAM)

6-128 ROMs Upgrade (set 3)

C1571 ROM Upgrade (31065:

0-64 Keyboard (new) .

Commodore Cables

Service Manuals for C64, C128 asses 1084, 1541

Send For Free 36 Page Catalog 3. CHESTNUT ST., SUFFERN, NY 10901 Order Line 1-800-292-7445 Fax 914-357-6243 We Ship Worldwide Hours: 9-6 E.S.T. M-F 914-357-2424 Prices subject to change

Tell a friend you've heard it through the Grapevine.

Circle Reader Service Number 128

G-20

NUCLEAR SUB COMMAND

Realistic Nuclear Attack Sub Simulation 64 e

Command Missions Under The Arctic Ice Hunt Russian Typhoons In The North Sea

Requires C64 GEOS 1.3 or 20 WG > $19.95 Check or Money Order VMC Software PO Box 326 oe —

Cambria Hts. NY 11411 Se risiate cea

Circle Reader Service Number 171

KODEKRAKR LTD.

Proudly presents a new innovation in software security check DE-protection! PASSCODE KRAKR! removes time consuming and often annoying documentation security checks in many of your games software programs, Lists are continually updated with the latest and greatest software releases available on disk! System also uses parameters which are easily updated with our “newest releases” list. Also available—THE PARAMETER HOTLINE—call ‘on us to customize your favorite (registered owners only)! Don't let lost documents ruin another expensive program. TO ORDER CUSTOMIZATION PACKAGE, send $21.95+$4.00 ip KopeKrakr Lt. 761 Meade Lane + Virginia Beach, VA 23455

Circle Reader Service Number 223

Upgrade your Commodore res term Used Hardware Nee firrotek Hodems

17Mi-F2S5 18Gi- F265 Ontres 64/122 -2489 Fii3.00 17@2-B255 1202- $225 add 64/128 1200 £29.00

1541-F18G i541-1S120 7A PST Amiga -2480 £115.00 1E7i-Bi6S iS8i- $188 ALL ADD Amiga -1283 £ 29.00 Ch4-3i@M Cize-Si75 84GST (specify make & modell 1670-S 50 1660-530 fof computer used] IBBiUSFDI+Buscard F130 i Year Apro. Warranty JP. PBM Box#iZ33 Station B Products Weston, Ontario, MSL Z2R9

DEPENDABLE SERVICE FOR YOUR COMMODORE! C-64, 1541, C-128, or 1571:==FAST turnaRounp!

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503 East St. Dept. C TYCOM Inc. eld, MA O17

Pittsfield, MA 01201 (413) 442-9771

Circle Reader Service Number 124

LOTSA DISKS! THE BEST in 64/128 PD. GEOS, Graphics, Clipart, Demos, Games, Bible, SID/MIDI, Educational, Basic 8 NEW! Graphics Scanning Service Send stamp for FREE catalog or $2 for sample disk.

OVe. S Diskoveries Pe babes PO Box 9153, Waukegan, IL 60079

Circle Reader Service Number 190

Does Your Heart Good.

American Heart Association

COMPUTE MAY 1992

Visible Sound Waves

This 64 program dynamically graphs the triangular waveform produced by the SID chip’s Voice 3. To see Voice 3 in action, plug a joystick into port 2, and then type in and run the following listing.

AC 106 FOR I=679 TO 739:READ D :POKE I,D:C=C+D:NEXT

MP 116 IF C<>7677 THEN PRINT " ERROR IN DATA STATEMENT S":STOP

PD 126 DATA 162,0,168,6,169,56 7133,2,173,27,212,141,9 ,268,173,18,208,141

FX 136 DATA 1,268,198,2,268,24 G,173,0,220,261,126,208 713,232,268,1,200,142

SH 140 DATA 14,212,146,15,212, 76,171,2,201,125,208,21 2,202,2068,1,136,142,14

AC 156 DATA 212,146,15,212,76, 171,2

SJ 168 PRINT CHR$(147):POKE 53 280,0:POKE 53281,

SJ 170 FOR I=54272 TO 54296:PO0 KE I,0:NEXT

RA 18@ POKE 54296,15:POKE 5429 1,196:POKE 54292,248:PO KE 54296,17

ES 196 FOR I=832 TO 894:POKE I ,255:NEXT

RA 266 POKE 2049,13:V=53248:PO KE V+21,1:POKE V+39,2:P OKE V,24:POKE V+1,190

XK 216 POKE 56333,127:SYS 679

Move the joystick up or down to change the pitch of the sound. For best visual results, tune the sound to a low pitch. When the frequency is low enough, you will see one large triangu- lar waveform on your monitor screen. As you increase the frequency, the num- ber of waveforms per screen increas- es. High-frequency tones oscillate fast- er than your monitor can handle, but they'll often lock into place like Lis- sajous patterns on an oscilloscope.

This program uses a single sprite to plot Voice 3's waveform. You might be interested to know that the machine lan- guage for the sprite-plotting code is on- ly 15 bytes long.

LOOP LDA 54299 STA 53248 LDA 53266 STA 53249 JMP LOOP

RICHARD PENN MONTREAL, PQ CANADA

“Programmer's Page” is interested in your programming tips and tricks. Send them to Programmer's Page, COMPUTE’s Gazette, 324 West Wen- dover Avenue, Suite 200, Greensboro, North Carolina 27408. We'll pay $25- $50 for each tip we publish. oa

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Write an amortization program

to see if your figures

agree with the bank’s

G-22

schedule.

COMPUTE MAY 1992

BEGINNER BASIC

Larry Cotton

CHECK YOUR BANK’S MATH

Recently, | decided to run an amortization schedule on my 13-year-old home mortgage loan to see if it agreed with the bank's schedule. | wanted to see how each month's pay- ment was apportioned to prin- cipal and interest. | also want- ed to check the bank's math. Most importantly, | was interest- ed in the balance due.

There's a certain satisfac- tion that comes from writing your own program while hon- ing your BASIC skills. Let's write a simple program that does what we need. We'll start with white characters on a blue screen.

10 POKE53280,6:POKE646,1: GOTO30

GOTO30_ sends_ control around a subroutine in the next line, which appears ear- ly in the program to speed printing the screen. Here's the subroutine, which we'll dis- cuss in a moment.

20 PRINTQTAB(T1)N TAB(T2)J TAB(T3)B:RETURN

Set C to 12 (more about that later) and define the tab stops to locate information in four columns on the screen. Remember that the leftmost screen position is TAB(O) and that positive numbers include a leading space.

30 C=12:11=5:12=16:T13=27

Rounding to dollars and cents requires two constants, 100 and .5.

40 H=100:D=.5

The next three lines gather us- er input and check for values less than zero. If any are found, the program just runs

from the beginning.

50 INPUT“ {CLR}{DOWN}AMOUNT OF LOAN” ;B:IFFB=<0THENRUN

60 INPUT‘{DOWN} ANNUAL INTEREST RATE” ;Al:I=Al/1200: IFl=<OTHENRUN

70 INPUT'{DOWN}NO. OF YEARS ON LOAN”;Y:M=¥*12: IFM=<OTHENRUN

Bis the amount of the loan (lat- er, balance). Line 60 also con- verts annual interest rate Al to its monthly decimal equiva- lent |; line 70 also converts years Y to months M.

Line 80 uses the above in- formation plus rounding con- stants H and D to calculate the monthly payment. The for- mula uses a monthly payment schedule and won't work with any other payment interval.

80 P=(INT(H*B*(I+1/((I+1)tM- 1))+D))/H

Line 90 prints the result of the calculation.

90 PRINT“{DOWN}MONTHLY PAYMENT SHOULD BE $”;P

If you're evaluating an exist- ing loan and this isn’t your ac- tual payment, you have an op- portunity to change it.

100 PRINT{DOWN}(PRESS RETURN TO USE ABOVE PAY MENT)”

410 INPUT{DOWN) ACTUAL PAYMENT” ;APS:IFAPS="*” THEN130

120 P=VAL(APS)

Offer the option of seeing a monthly or yearly picture.

130 PRINT'{DOWN}SEE MONTHLY OR YEARLY (M/Y)?”

140 GETA$:IFA$<>‘‘Y” THEN IFAS<>'M" THEN140

Here's the heading of the screen-printing routine, which uses the tab stops de- fined in line 30.

150 PRINT‘ {CLR}”

160 PRINT’ (HOLD SPACE BAR TO SEE ENTRIES)”

170 PRINT‘{DOWN} MO.” TAB(T1)"* PRINCIPAL” TAB(T2)*

INTEREST” TAB(T3)‘* BAL ANCE” 180 PRINT‘{1 SPACE}{38 -}”

Now we must calculate and print the monthly dollar amounts applied to interest and principal and the princi- pal balance. For this we use a month counter, Q.

190 Q=0+1

Just after starting the counter, we check to see if the space bar has been pressed, which causes the calculated values to be printed. (To examine a line, release the space bar.)

200 GETB$:IFB$<>‘* {1 SPACE)" THEN200

The three calculations are as follows.

210 J=INT((I*B)*H+D)/H 220 N=INT((P-J)*H+D)/H 230 B=INT((B-N)*H+D)/H

Pay close attention now. J (the portion of payment ap- plied to interest) is monthly in- terest times principal bal- ance, N (the portion of pay- ment applied to principal) is the payment less interest, and B (the new principal bal- ance) is the old balance less the portion of payment ap- plied to principal.

Quickly, check to see if the balance has become less than zero.

240 IFB<OTHENEND

Now we check the response from line 140 to see if we want to print a monthly or year- ly picture. If monthly, our sub- routine at line 20 kicks in after every calculation to print

month Q and the other variables N, J, and B. If yearly, the line 20 subroutine is used only once every 12 calcula- tions.

250 IFAS="M" THEN GOSUB20:G0T0270

260 IFINT(Q/C)=O/CTHEN GOSUB20

Line 260 shows an interesting way to count by any value C. (C is equal to 12 in this program, as defined in line 30.) Q/C will always result in a decimal val- ue except when Q is evenly divisible by C. If the balance on the loan is still greater then O, then we return control of the program to line 190.

270 GOTO190 When the amortization schedule has fin-

ished printing, we print the headings again, but in reverse order.

280 PRINT'{1 SPACE}{38 -}”

290 PRINT‘{DOWN} M0.” TAB(T1)* PRINCIPAL” TAB (T2) ‘* INTEREST” TAB(T3)‘* BALANCE”

To use the program, enter the amount of the loan after any down payment (don’t use commas); the annual inter- est rate, such as 8.5 or 10; and the num- ber of years the loan runs. The pro- gram usually will not work with illogical values supplied.

If the calculated payment is OK, just press Return at the next question. If not, enter another payment. A pay- ment greater than that calculated will re- duce the term of the loan and vice ver- sa; the program will end when the loan balance is less than zero.

Pressing the space bar causes the values to be displayed on either a monthly or yearly basis. Release the space bar to halt the listing. a

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G-24

Fonts are one

of the

more exciting

aspects

of using GEOS.

COMPUTE MAY 1992

GEOS

Steve Vander Ark

GOING WILD ABOUT FONTS

The first GEOS article | ever had published was about fonts. That was a few years ago, and since so many things have changed in the GEOS world since those days, | thought I'd attack the subject again. After all, fonts are one of the more exciting as- pects of using GEOS.

To see fonts in action, just boot up your copy of geo- Write. This word processor al- lows for just about any kind of expressive font you can imag- ine. When it comes to desktop publishing, there is even more excitement on hand. GeoPub- lish takes fonts a step further by introducing MegaFonts and allowing you to smooth and scale your fonts.

There are literally hundreds of fonts available from various sources. In addition to FontPack Plus and Internation- al FontPack from GeoWorks, font collections from Susan Lamb (3575 East County 18th Street, Yuma, Arizona 85365), and Jim Collette’s collections (6782 Junction Road, Pavilion, New York 14525-9755), there are more public domain fonts around than you can count. Parsec (P.O. Box 111, Salem, Massachusetts 01970) has re- leased a huge collection of public domain fonts along with an 80-page booklet giv- ing examples of each one ($24.95 plus $2.90 shipping and handling U.S., $7.50 Can- ada). The booklet and disks put more than 550 fonts at your fingertips.

One of the prerequisites for being able to use fonts effec- tively is knowing when to use them. Fonts can be separated into three categories, depend- ing on how they're used. Those that look good in large bodies of text are called body fonts. These fonts are very

readable. They're a best bet for correspondence or as the text of a newsletter. Examples of body fonts are Roma, Uni- versity, Wheeler, and Haste.

Headline fonts are more dec- orative and have much more character. They grab a read- er’s attention, but they seldom work well in large sections of text. Their frills can confuse the reader's eye. Fonts such as America, Kensington, and Telegraph are usually larger in size, which is in keeping with their function: creating head- lines and other short sections of text. Headline fonts, careful- ly selected, can give your doc- ument extra impact.

The third type of font is the specialty font, including pic- ture fonts like Ashby or Wurst- er. These fonts have limited val- ue in geoWrite but make excel- lent miniphoto collections for geoPaint or geoPublish.

It's fun to collect fonts, but keeping them straight can be confusing. It can be especial- ly frustrating if you're scanning lists of fonts by name, trying to recall what each one looks like. The easiest way to keep track of different fonts is to maintain printouts of each one. Such printouts or sam- ples are included with commer- cial packages like FontPack Plus, but for the most part, you'll have to make your own. A utility by Joe Buckley called Font Dump will handle the job for you; you can download it from Q-Link. Its filename is FONT DUMP 3. SFX, upload- ed by Red Storm.

If you need to check out a font on the fly, however, use FontView. This utility is from RUN magazine's GEOS Pow- er Pack II disk (80 Elm Street, Peterborough, New Hamp- shire 03458). FontView dis- plays any font you select from either drive and allows you to add style effects, such as ital- ics and boldface.

Another clever way to organ-

ize fonts is to change the icon of each to the letter F from the actual font. A file of such icon images is available on Q-Link (FNTPK+ICONS, uploaded by LadyCarmen), which includes icons for most of the fonts on FontPack Plus. You'll need an icon editor, however, to make the switch.

Each font has an individual ID number, which applications use to identify the fonts in your documents. You can al- so identify fonts within a file or on a disk by these numbers us- ing Identifont, a program writ- ten by Dennis Seitz of Berkeley, California.

If the font numbers it encoun- ters correspond to known GEOS fonts (in other words, the ones on the system disks), it'll give you the font names; oth- erwise, it simply lists the font ID numbers. If you've kept a list of the numbers with your dif- ferent printouts, you can cross- reference the various fonts yourself.

OK, you don’t keep such good records. Neither do |. That's why | always appreci- ate a utility that takes care of those kinds of niggling little jobs for me. That's where Jim Collette’s program called Font Editor 2.5 comes in.

Yes, it’s a font editor, but it’s easily the best of the bunch. It's loaded with every feature you could want. It'll create me- gafonts, allow you to scale fonts to different point sizes or widths, and even allow you to save a point size from one font into that size in another font.

To organize the whole mess, Font Editor will also print out the font along with the name, point size, and ID num- ber. This handy program pret- ty much takes care of all the font needs any GEOS user could ask for. It's available from CommPlex Software for $21.50. (See Collette’s ad- dress above.) (a)

PROGRAMS

MILK RUN

By Gus Vakalis

Milk Run is a fast-paced two-player ar- cade game with animated characters and a scrolling playing field. The object of the game is to deliver milk to the cus- tomers on your route. Getting the milk bot- tles right on the doorstep is tough enough, but you must also contend with angry dogs who chase you and an oppo- nent who tosses milk bottles at you.

Typing It In

Although Milk Run is written entirely in machine language, it loads and runs like a BASIC program. To type it in, use MLX, our machine language entry program. See "Typing Aids” elsewhere in this section. Wnen MLX prompts, re- spond with the following values.

Starting address: 0801 Ending address: 1F98

Be sure to save the program to disk be- fore you exit MLX.

Deliver the Milk

After you load and run the program, you'll be taken immediately to the title screen. From there, press the space bar to start the game.

Player 1, using joystick 1, delivers milk to the houses on the left-hand side of the road, and player 2 uses joy- stick 2 to deliver to the houses on the right-hand side. You must deliver milk to each house with a white porch as it comes scrolling past.

Press the fire button to launch a milk bottle in the direction that the joystick points. Try to toss the bottles to land right at the white door. Failing to do so will cost you that customer, and that porch will turn red. A counter at the top of the screen indicates how many customers each player has re- maining. You'll earn 100 points for each successful delivery, and those customers will continue their patronage for another round.

Occupational Hazards

Just doing your job is not enough to win this game. You also have to worry about the competition. You and your op- ponent can toss milk bottles in any di- rection, even at each other. If you're

struck by your opponent's milk bottle, you'll lose 500 points. Dogs are anoth- er nuisance. If you're bitten by a dog, you'll lose 1000 points.

You can stop your opponent's milk bottle or a charging dog by throwing your milk bottles at them. Since you can have only one bottle in the air ata time, however, saving yourself from these threats can cost you one or more customers.

There are five levels to the game, with each level having as many dog at- tacks as the level number. That is, there will be one dog attack at level 1, two at level 2, and so on.

Top Employee

At the end of the fifth level or at the end of any level in which a player has lost all of his customers, an Employee of the Month board will appear, prais- ing the winner. The winner will be the player with the highest score and not the player with the most remaining cus- tomers. So it's possible to lose all of your customers and still win the game.

Key Keys

At the bottom of the screen, you'll find a red key bar indicating the keys that are active and their functions. Pressing the Q key at any time during the game will exit the game and return you to BA- SIC. Pressing Run/Stop will pause the game, and pressing it again will contin- ue the action. The Restore key will ter- minate the game and reset it to the be- ginning so you can play again.

MILK RUN

6861:6B 68 9869:31 06 @811:FB 85 G819:9D 36 9821:39 BD @829:09 DB G831:9D @@ $839:3D BD @841:66 DF G849:A5 61 9851:03 8D 3 16

GA oo G1 38 oo 9D 3c Uy) 9D 99 8F AD G3 93 ag 8B @5 DL OF G3 8D

9E 78 Ur) Ul) 9D 3B oo 9D 3F 85 AD 63 92 AD 8D 8D AQ Ag 15 F6 93

36 29 D8 6G BD pc oo BD cD 14 8D 16 28 8D Ag Ag 96 14 FA G3 8D

0881:3C @889:0F 9891:03 @899:8D G8A1:A9

@8A9:19 @8B1:8D 98B9:8D G8C1:00 @8C9:B8 @8D1:9D @8D9: 37 @8E1:BD @8E9:C8 @8F1:9D @8F9:A2 69G1:E8 6969:48 @911:D9 6919:C@ 6921:69 0929:EG $931:1C @939:F5 9941:3E @949:BD 0951:48 9959:8D @961:AD 6969:18 @971:49 @979:A9 9981:8D 9989:11 9991:64 6999:A9 G9A1:A9 @9A9:A9 G9B1:A9 G9B9:86 @9C1:A9 69C9:20 @9D1:C8 @9D9:@D @9E1:9D G9E9:8D G9F1:GE G9F9:GG @AG1:88 GAG9: 6D GAL1:FG @A19:6D @A21:6D GA29:D3 GA31:19 GA39:E5 GA41:8F GA49:F8 @A51:15 GA59:E6 GA61:28 GA69:GA @A71:FD GA79:23 GA81:0A @A89:8D GA91:8D @A99:4C GAA1:196 GAA9: G8 @AB1:15 @AB9:F5 @AC1:13 @AC9:CB GAD1:49

16 8E 58 35 58 9D A2 E8 E8 Da 80 i) EG 1B FS 3E BD 68 9D A2 E8 6B 6C GE 16 39 F4 8D 14 8D AA 68 o8 E8 91 06 De 8D 8D Ag 20 @c AG 26 6D CE 26 @D g9 @D GE CA OA @D 96 4c 88 GE EE FO 07 09 8D G4 BD E3 bg 6B OA UT)

MAY 1992 COMPUTE

PROGRAMS

GG AY FG 9D 96 19 9D G4 19 E8 E@ 28 DG FS 66 G1 @6 8A 9D G6 D4 E8 EG ED DO F8 AY OF 8D 18 D4 1D 26 49 OF AOS FF 8D GE 49 8D OF D4 AD 8G 8D 12 FB 68 AD 95 OF 49 FF 8D 44 OF FG 15 AD 95 8D Bl 4D AQ 36 8D 66 D4 AOD 81 AZ @4 D4 AY G1 8D 96 BF 17 AQ GG 8D 64 D4 AD 64 E5 96 GF 69 GB GB AD G3 62

GAD9:28 13 D@ 1D C8 CB G3 DG D2 | GDG9:1A C9 GF FB 19 C9 72 9G BS GAE1:F6 18 A2 G7 AB G8 2G FH 92 | GD11:18 C9 74 9G 1D C9 78 9B D2 GAE9:FF A2 6G BD 94 16 24 D2 92 | @D19:1C C9 AB FO GF AD BB 6G 56 GAF1:FF 58 EG 42 D@ F5 4C B8 36 | GD21:A9 G8 6G AD G4 6G AD GC BI GAF9:0B 18 A2 G7 AG G8 2G FG B4 | GD29:6G AD BB 6G AY G5 6G AD 11 @BG1:FF A2 9G BD 5E 17 20 D2 FD | 6D31:62 66 AQ G1 66 AO G7 6G Cl @BO9:FF E8 EG 47 DG F5 AG BB 89 | GD39:A9 F8 85 F7 85 FB AQ G6 GC OB11:A2 6G B9 28 13 4A 4A 4A D2 | OD41:85 F8 AX 26 85 FO 85 FD BG @B19:4A 69 36 9D 4A 65 BO 28 78 | 6D49:A9 G7 85 FA AY DA 85 FC 1B @B21:13 29 GF 69 36 9D 4B G5 11 | gD51:A9 DB 85 FE A@ GG AD 8E C6 9B29:B9 2B 13 4A 4A 4A 4A 69 G7 | 6D59:19 FO G5 68 68 4C C8 GB EF @B31:38 9D 56 G5 BY 2B 13 29 AB | @D61:AD F4 14 FO G5 68 68 4C G8 GB39:GF 69 36 9D 57 G5 E8 E8 82 | GD69:6B G9 AD 8C 19 DG E7 Bl 3F DG G8 AD 64 14 DG G3 E6 9B41:C8 CG 63 D@ CD 4C B8 GB 75 | GD71:FB 91 FD Bl F7 91 F9 C8 8B C3 GF AD D@ GF 49 FF E8 9B49:18 A2 67 AG G8 26 FG FF Al | 6D79:C@ 28 DG DA AS FB 85 FD EB | GFA9:8D DG GF FG 15 AI BS 8D FB @B51:A2 08 BD D6 16 20 D2 FF B4 | @D81:A5 FC 85 FE AS F7 85 F9 66 | GFB1:68 D4 AX 36 8D GD D4 AD 35 @B59:E8 EG 44 DG F5 AG BB A2 86 | BD89:A5 F8 85 FA 38 AS F7 EQ 47 0B61:08 BY 28 13 4A 4A 4A 4A 76 | @D91:28 85 F7 A5 F8 EO OG 85 GF @B69:89 3G 9D 56 @5 BY 28 13 3B | @D99:F8 38 A5 FB E9 28 85 FB AQ @B71:29 GF G9 36 9D 51 G5 E8 29 | GDA1:A5 FC E9 GG 85 FC AS F7 6E GB79:E8 C8 CO G3 DG E3 4C B8 E5 | BDA9I:C9 78 DG AB AS FB CI G4 14 @B81:6B 18 A2 67 AG G8 2G FH 3E | GDB1:DG A2 EE B7 BD 68 GB AC CC @B89:FF A2 6@ BD 1A 17 26 D2 64 | @DB9:E2 GD A2 86 BI AG 18 9D 13 GB91:FF E8 EG 44 D@ F5 AG BG El | GDC1:AG 64 26 FA BC 9D AG DB DL 9B99:A2 69 BO 2B 13 4A 4A 4A 8B | @DC9:C8 E8 EG 28 DO EE 38 AD 81 GBA1:4A G9 38 9D 50 G5 BO 2B 34 | GDD1:E2 GD EY 28 8D E2 BD C9 3C @BA9:13 29 GF G9 36 9D 51 G5 AS | BDD9:D8 DB G5 a9 CB 8D E2 BD 1F @BB1:E8 E8 C8 CG G3 DB E3 AD 6C | GDE1:66 GB GG BB BB BG AD GE 85 GBB9:8E 16 FG G3 4C C8 BB AD B2 | GDE9:8D E3 GD AC E4 GBD BO 96 95 @BC1:F4 14 FO F3 4C 6B 69 29 F6 | GDF1:19 29 FG FG GA AY Gl 8D 96 @BC9:49 GF AS GO 8D 1B D4 8D 8D | GDF9:A3 D8 AY 72 BD AZ G4 BI 35 @BD1:15 D@ 85 C6 3D 91 G2 AD 28 | GEG1:BE 19 29 FG FG GA AD Gl FA GBD9:18 D@ 29 FG G9 G4 8D 18 EF | GEG9:8D C4 D8 AY 73 8D C4 G4 32 @BE1:D@ AQ G6 8D 21 DG AY GE 12 | GE11:EE E4 GD 66 AQ G6 8D E5 EB GBE9:8D 28 DG 8D 86 G2 78 AD 9C | GE19:@D AC E6 BD BY 96 19 2C 1B OBF1:8F 16 8D 14 03 AD 99 16 C6 | GE21:AB GE FG 26 29 GF DG 1D 5B | 1651:61 8D F8 67 AD F9 G7 49 91 GOBF9:8D 15 63 AD 91 18 8D 18 57 | GE29:A9 GG 99 96 19 AY G2 8D B7 | 1059:61 8D F9 G7 AD FC 67 49 C5 9CO1:03 AD 92 10 8D 19 G3 AD DD | 6£31:33 DA AQ 63 8D 33 G6 F8 47 | 1061:61 8D FC G7 AD FD 67 49 32 9C69:93 10 8D 28 63 AD 94 16 2B | 6E39:38 AD AY BE EY Gl 8D AY GBB | 1669:G1 8D FD G7 AD FA 87 C9 CE @C11:8D 29 63 58 4C 94 E3 AD 4A | GE41:9E D8 4C 4B GE AY FG 99 6B | 1671:D6 FG G9 CE FA O67 EE FB 15 GC19:9C BA C9 31 FO G1 66 18 B2 | GE49:96 19 BO BE 19 2C AB GE F8 | 1679:07 4C 31 EA A9 D9 8D FA CF @C21:A2 64 AG G8 26 FO FF A2 87 | GE51:FG 26 29 GF DG 1D AI BG D3 | 1681:07 AY D6 8D FB G7 4C 31 G9 9C29:06 BD F5 14 26 D2 FF E8 E5 | GE59:99 BE 19 A9 G2 8D 54 DA 79 | 1089:EA BO GB GB GG BG GG GG 1F @C31:E8 BC DG F5 A5 C5 C9 3E 78 | GE61:A9 64 8D 54 G6 F8 38 AD 94 | 1691:606 GG GB GG AD 54 11 FO 83 @C39:FG 19 C9 3C DO F6 20 B6 66 | .GE69:AA GE EQ9 Gl 8D AA GE D8 B7 | 1999:5A AD 55 11 4A BO G6 4A 79 @C41:8C A5 C5 C9 46 DG FA AY G3 | GE71:4C 79 GE AO FG 99 BE 19 F2 | 1GA1:BG GE 4C D8 16 CE 84 DG 49 @C49:99 8D 8C 18 8D 8D 16 8D A7 | BE79:EE E6 @D AD AY GE 4A 4A A7 | 1GA9:AD G4 DG C9 2C FO 41 60 6G @C51:F4 14 68 68 68 4C C8 OB 8C | GE81:4A 4A G9 3G 8D 51 G4 AD EG | 1GB1:EE G4 DG AD 64 DB C9 D4 OB @C59:18 A2 GG AG GG 206 FG FF 92 | GE89:A9 GE 29 GF G9 3G 8D 52 8A | 1GB9:FG B8 AD C2 12 C9 G2 FG E2 @C61:A2 6G BD A5 17 26 D2 FF BB | GE91:64 AD AA GE 4A 4A 4A 4A AB | 16C1:067 60 26 56 11 4C F1 10 94 @C69:E8 EG 84 DG F5 18 A2 16 37 | BE99:G9 36 8D 75 G4 AD AA GE 89 | 19C9:AD 64 DG CD 66 DG BO G1 8E GC71:AG 61 20 FO FF A2 GG BD 75 | GEA1:29 GF 39 38 8D 76 G4 6G E8 | 16D1:68 20 DF 11 4C Fl 16 EE 70 6C79:29 18 26 D2 FF E8 EG 7D 4@ | GEA9:6G GB FG AD BB 8D 15 DO AF | 16D9:95 DB AD B5 DB C9 CB FG E6 @C81:D@ F5 AX G2 8D E7 DB AY 42 | GEB1:8D 19 D@ AO DD 8D F8 G67 6B | 1G6E1:G6F CD G9 DG 9G 14 AY C8 1c 8D E7 67 A9’ G3 8D 51 88 | GEB9:A9 DF 8D F9 G7 AY G9 8D 72 | 1GE9:8D G9 DG AI BB 8D G3 14 18 8D 52 D8 AS G4 8D 75 3F | GEC1:27 DB 8D 28 DG AY 33 8D FA | 1GF1:26 C4 11 AD @1 DC 29 19 2E 8D 76 D8 A2 6G AY 1B 61 | GEC9:1C DB AD G1 8D 25 DG AY BY | 1GF9:FB G1 66 AD G1 DC 29 GF 96 78 64 AJ 1C 9D 48 @7 BG | GED1:66 8D 26 DB AD 8H 8D BG 9G | 1101:38 ED GF 4A BO G9 4A BO 2F D8 9D 48 DB FC | GED9:DG AY 9A 8D Gl DG AD DB 6C | 11469:2A 4A BO G3 4A BG 12 AD FB E@ 28 DO EI ADI AG 85 45 | BEE1:8D G2 DG AI YA BD G3 DG DB | 1111:01 8D 55 11 AY 78 8D G4 21 85 F9 AQ G4 85 F8 AY DA | GEE9:A9 DO 8D FA O7 AY D6 8D CC | 1119:Da AY 94 BD B5 DG 4C 46 C3 85 FA AG 66 BO AG 18 5D} GEF1:FB G7 AQ Gl 8D 29 DG 8D 53 | 1121:11 AQ G2 8D 55 11 AQ 8B 1D F7 2G FA GC 91 F9 C8 BF | GEF9:2A DG AQ 78 8D G4 DG AY E3 | 1129:8D B4 DG AD 94 8D G5 DG 7D 28 DO Fl 18 AS F7 69 3E | GFG1:94 8D @5 DB AY E3 BD BE 78 | 1131:4C 46 11 AD G4 BD 55 11 D9 F8 69 66 85 B3 | BFG9:DB AO 94 8D B7 DG AY DB 18 | 1139:A9 82 8D G4 DB AD 94 BD AG 69 28 85 F9 Cl | OF11:8D FC 87 A9 DA 8D FD 67 CB | 1141:65 DG 4c 46 11 AD 15 DG 42 85 FA C9 DB 48 | @F19:A9 69 8D 2B DB 8D 2C DG 98 | 1149:69 G4 8D 15 DG AD FF 8D AE C9 48 D@ CB 18 | GF21:A9 81 8D 68 D@ AY C8 8D F2/1151:54 11 66 GG GO AD 2B 13 GE 32 C9 64 FG A2 | GF29:9 DB 8D GB DB AY DI BD DB | 1159:Dg GE aD 2C 13 29 FO DG CF GDG1:2E C9 6D 96 1B C9 6F 9G CA | GF31:GA DG A9 33 8D 15 DG 6G B3 | 1161:07 AD 2c 13 C9 G6 9G 14 C4

G-26 COMPUTE MAY 1992

QrOIDLCO DOS 2 a eo} iS) x @

1169:F8 1171:Cl 1179:D8 1181:13 1189:BD 1191:29 1199:13

11C1:66 11¢€9:8D 11D1:8D 11D9:A9 11lE o 11E 11F1:D6 11F9:8D 1201:62 1269:Ba 1211:AD 1219347 1221:CE 1229:F@ 1231:07 1239:AD 1241: 66 1249:67 1251:6F 1259:8D 1261:26 1269:FO 1271:38 1279:27 1281:12 1289:8D 1291:8D 1299:A9 12A1:A9 12A9:06 12B1:B3 12B9:15 12C€1:66 1209:15 12D1:AC 12D9:99 12E1:D0 12E9:D9 12F1:GE 12F9:6F 1361:31 1369: 28

1331:AD 1339:9B 1341:4A 1349:13 1351:AD 1359:36 1361:6F 1369:13 1371:AD 1379:3¢6 1381:6F 1389:13 1391:BA

1399:38 13A1:FO 13A9:EE 13B1:AC 13B9:14 13C1: 67 13C9:CE 13D1:EE 13D9:14 13E1:14 13E9:28 13F1:23 13F9:8D 1461:14 1469:08 1411:10 1419:1A 1421:15 1429:28 1431:1F 1439:26 1441:21 1449:06 1451:66 1459:09 1461:6D 1469:DG 1471:14 1479:D9 1481:A9

BB 66 14 14 1B 1B 14 14 26 28 FO GE 14 oo 28 1F 26 21 19 38 32 2A FO AD AD 8C 1) 17 A6 8D

07 a9 AD AD cs D4 Ag EE AC 14 67 CE EE ao OA 23 2A 25 1E 65 @3 2E G1 03 09 14 8D CE Da OB

14A9:4C 14B1:8D 14B9:14 14C1:13 14C09:62 14D1:2B 14D9:14 14E1:13 14E9: 66 14F1:14 14F9:20 1561:CC 1569:20 1511:1D

153 1541:1D 1549:26 1551:26 1559:26 1561:1D 1569:1D 1571:1¢ 1579:Dd 1581:C2 1589:1D 1591:1D 1599:5B 15A1:5B 15A9:5B 15B1:92 15B9:28 15C1:D5

14 13 2B FO 2B 88 ts) 2D 66 4G 26 26 26 1D

1D 26 26 26 1D 1D D2 c3 c7 1D 1D 5B 5B 5B 20 cD 26

AQ 8D 13 FO 13 De 8D 13 48 Go 26 D2 20 1D

1D 26 26 20 1D 1D cs cs c9 1D 1D 5B 5B 5B 26 cg 26

15C9:26 15D1:1D 15D9:1D 15E1:CF 15E9:D4 15F1:C8 15F9:1D 1661:1D 1699:298 1611:28 1619:29 1621:1D 1629:1D 1631:20 1639:29 1641:28 1649:1D 1651:1D 1659:29 1661:20 1669: 20 1671:1D 1679:1D 1681:5B 1689:5B 1691:5B 1699:20 16A1:26 16A9:26 16B1:1D 16B9:1D 16C1:CF 16C9:D4 16D1:21 16D9: 26 16E1:D9 16E9: 20 16F1:1D 16F9:1D 1761:26 1769:95 1711:26 1719213 1721:20 1729:D4 1731:26 1739:1D 1741:1D 1749:20 1751:36 1759: 20 1761:CC 1769:C5 1771:C5 1779:1D 1781:1D 1789:26 1791:308 1799: 26 17A1: 26 17A9:C3 17B1:D4 17B9:C3 17C1:D9 17¢9:C9 17D1:1D 17D9:B8 17E£1:12 17E9:12 17F1:92

1D 1D 26 cs cs 1D 1D 20 20 26 1D 1D 26 26 26 1D 1D 20 20 26 1D 1D 1F 5B 5B 5B 26 26 20 1D 1D 27 26 26 26 D2 20 1D 1D 26 39 20 20 cc CF 1D 1D 98 26 26 26 D9 26 26 1D 1D 20 20 36 20 Dg 31 cD c2 CE 1D 26 42 46 12

MAY 1992 COMPUTE

1D 1D cs 26 cD 1D 1D 20 28 26 1D 1D 20 26 20 1D 1D 26 20 20 1D 1D 5B 5B 5B 20 29 26 1D 1D 26 cs cg 13 26 CF 20 1D 1D 26 36 26 26 D9 20 1D 1D 20 65 20 13 D2 De D7 1D 1D 36 20 38 92 D2 39 D5 cg 26 1D 20 20 26 45

1D 1D cD CF CF 1D 1D 20 20 26 1D 1D 26 26 20 1D 1D 26 20 26 1D 1D 5B 5B 5B 20 20 26 1D 1D 20 28 D2 oF Dd CE 26 1D 1D 26 36 26 26 cs 28 1D 1D 26 38 20 oF 20 cc CE 1D 1D 36 26 36 1F co 31 D4 c3 26 1D BE 26 12 92

1D 1D Dg cé CE 1D 1D 20 26 20 1D 1D 20 26 26 1D 1D 26 20 26 1D 1D 5B 5B 5B 20 26 20 1D 1D 26 c2 cs 26 ce c5 1D 1D 99 20 26 26 20 D2 20 1D 1p 20 30 20 26 CF cl 26 1p 1D 36 26 36 20 C7 20 c5 cond 1D 1D 20 20 49 1D

G-27

PROGRAMS

3C 08 GB AD | 1C59:78 78 F8 F8 GB BO GG 78 13 1861:1D 1D 1D 1D 1D 1D 1p 1p 31 18 66 68 62 | 1C61:3C 1E GF GF G8 86 G6 7C BE 1869:BA BB 26 BD 20 BF 12 48 C9 3C 68 G8 37 | 1C69:7C 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 3c 3E C3 1811:92 29 12 43 44 92 26 26 D5 | 1A41:3C 66 3E 96 66 3C 98 OG 79 | 1C71:3E 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C AA 1819:2G 26 12 47 48 92 26 12 F6 | 1A49:00 3C 66 7E 66 66 BO GG GE | 1C79:3C 3F 3F 1F G9 GG GG 3C BS 1821:4B 4C 92 26 12 4F 50 92 5F | 1A51:66 1C81:3C FC FC F8 06 06 G6 F8 3F 1829:9F D@ CC Cl D9 C5 D2 26 BE 1c89:F8 7C 7E 7F 7F 7F 7B 3B 54 1831:CF CE C5 20 20 26 26 20 99 1€91:3E 3C 3C 3C BC FC FC 79 96 1839:20 26 95 CC C5 D6 C5 CC DG 1C99:78 78 F8 F8 GG GG 86 FC D7 1841:26 26 26 26 20 26 9C DG 1B 1CA1:FC 7C 3E 3E @6 68 GG FF 23 1849:CC Cl D9 C5 D2 20 D4 D7 8B 1CA9:FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF El 1851:CF 26 26 26 29 G5 30 30 1D 1CB1:FF FF 81 FF FF FF FF FF 1A 1859:38 30 38 26 26 26 26 2G 97 1CB9:F9 F3 E7 CF 9F 3F FF FF DF 1861:29 26 26 26 26 20 20 31 A2 1CC1:FF C3 99 81 99 99 FF FF 69 1869:29 26 26 26 26 20 20 20 99 1CC9:FF 81 9F 87 9F 81 FF FF Dl 1871:20 26 36 38 30 30 36 20 85 1CD1:FF C3 B7 E7 E7 C3 FF FF C4 1879:20 26 26 1C 12 20 20 D1 AA 1cD9:FF 99 89 81 91 99 FF FF B4 1881:2D Dl D5 C9 D4 26 20 D2 4E 1CE1:FF C3 99 99 99 C3 FF FF B3 1889:D5 CE 2F D3 D4 CF DG 2D 30 1CE9:FF 83 99 99 83 OF FF FF 6A 1891:D@ Cl D5 D3 C5 26 26 D2 54 1CF1:FF C3 99 99 91 C3 F9 FF 77 1899:C5 D3 D4 CF D2 C5 2D D2 14] 1ac9:88 3C 66 66 GE 3C G6 GO BG | 1CF9:FF 83 99 99 83 99 FF FF 62 18A1:C5 D3 C5 D4 13 AG AG AB AC| 1AD1:08 7C 66 66 7C 66 BG GO DS | 1DG1:FF Cl 9F C3 F9 83 FF FF B9 18A9:AG AG AG AG AG GF AG 7G E4/ 1AD9:GG 3E 60 3C G6 7C GG GG BF | 1DG69:FF 81 E7 E7 E7 E7 FF FF FD 18B1:26 26 26 26 26 26 20 71 33 1D11:FF 99 99 99 99 C3 FF @@ SA 18B9:AG AG 70 20 26 20 28 2G 54 1D19:08 GB 9G BG BG GG BB BO 53 18C1:2G 26 71 AG 6F AG AB AG 22 1D21:08 68 GG GG GO BG BB GO SB 18C9:AG AG AG AG AG AD SB 5C 2B 1D29:66 96 96 GB GG GB GB GG 63 18D1:5D AG AG AG AG GF AG 70 6B 1D31:F4 09 G6 FC 68 GG F4 GO OF 18D9:29 26 26 26 26 26 20 71 SB 1D39:G0 6G GB GB GB GB BO BB 73 18E1:AG AG 76 26 26 26 26 20 7C 1D41:04 G9 86 68 BO GG GG BG 7B 18E9:20 26 71 AG 6F AG AG AG 4A 1D49:44 GO GB GB GO GB GG BG 83 18F1:A@ SE SF 68 AG AG 61 62 AB 1D51:08 G9 9B GG BG BG GB BG 8B 18F9:63 6D 6D 6D 6D 6F AG 7G 96 1D59:GG GG GB GB GB GB OG BG 93 1961:26 26 26 26 26 24 26 71 84] 1B31:00 GG GF 1F 1F 1F 609 GG BB | 1D61:GG BG BB GG GB GB GG BG 9B 1969:AG AG 74 26 26 2G 26 26 AS | 1B39:7F BC DD EE F7 FB 9D 6G F3 | 1D69:80 GG GG GB GB 7G GG GB 65 1911:26 26 71 AG 6F 6E GE 6E 14] 1B41:FC 7A 76 EE DE BE 72 57 80 |1D71:76 GG GB 76 GB GO 20 BB 2B 1919:6E 64 65 66 AG AG 67 68 6D| 1B49:57 4F 7F 7F 4F 57 57 75 E2|1D79:G6 76 86 OG GG GO GG BG CF 1921:69 AD AG AG AG GF AG 76 C2| 1B51:75 79 7F 7F 79 75 75 7C 91 | 1D81:68 BG GG GB BB BG GG GO BB 1929:2G 26 26 26 20 20 26 71 AC| 1B59:7C 7C 7E 7E 7C 7C 7C 3E Bl | 1D89:68 GG GG GB GB GB GG BB C3 1931:AG AG 78 26 26 26 26 29 CD| 1B61:3E 3E 7E 7E 3E 3E 3E AE 14 | 1D91:68 GG GB GB BG BB GB BG CB 1939:26 26 71 AG 6F AG AG AG 9B| 1B69:AE 9E FE FE 9E AE AE EA 66 | 1D99:88 GG G6 GB BB BG GG BG D3 1941:AG 6A 6B 6C AG AG AG AG FB| 1B71:EA F2 FE FE F2 EA EA 4E 11 |1DA1:60 GG GB GB GG BG GB GB DB 1949:AG A@ AG AG AG GF AG 76 86) 1B79:7D 7B 77 6E 5E 3F BO BY CC | 1DA9:06 BB GG BB BB BG BB G1 E4 1951:26 26 206 26 26 20 20 71 D4) 1B81:DF EF 77 BB 3D FE 06 69 34 | 1DB1:78 6G G1 F8 9G G1 78 BB CC 1959:AG AG 78 26 26 26 26 26 F5| 1B89:F8 F8 F8 FO GB OO GB GO AB 1961:20 20 71 AG 6F AG AG AG C3 | 1B91:1F 1F 1F GF GG G6 6G 9D 91 1969:A@ AG AG AG AG AG AG AG 9B| 1B99:FB F7 EE DD BC 7F OG 72 DD 1971:AG A@ AG AG AG 6F AG 7G AE | 1BA1:BE DE EE 76 7A FC @G 6G FB 1979:26 26 26 26 20 20 26 71 FC| 1BA9:EG E6 96 60 6E GE G6 GG 7C 1981:AG AG 76 20 26 20 20 20 1E| 1BB1:07 67 66 G6 76 76 GB GG 27 1989:20 26 71 AG 6F AG AG AG EB| 1BB9:7E 7E 7E 7E 7E 7E 7E 60 D1 1991:AG AG AG AG AG FG FO FO F5| 1BC1:68 60 66 60 60 60 60 G6 9D 1999:FG FG FO FO FG FO FG FO CB| 1BC9:96 96 G6 G6 GE G6 G6 7C 76 | 1DF9:G8 78 GG GB GB BG GG 4G 5G 19A1:F@ FO FO FO FG FO FO FG D3 | 1BD1:7C 7C 7E 7E 7C 7C 7C 3E 2A | 1EG1:68 GG GG GB GB BG GG BB 3D 19A9:FG FG FG FO FG FG FG FG DB | 1BD9:3E 3E 7E 7E 3E 3E 3E F8 D6 19B1:FO FG FG FO FO FO FO FO £3 | 1BE1:FC 7E 7F 7F 7B 79 78 1F EF 19B9:FO FG FG FO FO FO FG FO EB| 1BE9:3F 7E FE FE DE 9E 1B 78 55 19C1:FO FO FO FO FO FO FO FO F3| 1BF1:78 78 F8 F8 GO OO OG 1E 4F 19C9:FO FO FG FO FO FO FO FO FB | 1BF9:1E 1E 1F 1F G6 66 66 7E 1B 19D1:FO FO FO FO FG FG FG FO G4 | 1C01:7E 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 5A 19D9:FO FO FG FO FG FO FG FG GC | 1CG9:3C 3C 7E 7E GO OO GO 7E A4 19E1:FG FG FO FO FO 55 55 BG 7D| 1C11:7E 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 3C 6A 19E9:G0 GG GG G6 OG FF FF FF 1C | 1C19:3C 3F 7F 7F 6G G8 GO GO 27 19F1:FF 69 68 9G GG BB GB BG 24 | 1C21:1C FC FC FC GB OG OO F8 OF 19F9:3C 66 6E 76 66 3C 66 GG 3D | 1C29:F8 79 7B 7F 7F 7E 7F 7C 19 1AG1:18 38 18 18 18 7E 66 66 8E | 1C31:FC FO EG CO 86 80 CO 7B 4F 1A09:3C 66 GC 30 66 7E GB GO 76 | 1C39:79 78 F8 F8 6G BG GB EG DB 1A11:3C 66 1C 86 66 3C G6 6G G5 | 1C41:FG F8 7C 7C BB BB BO FF 87 1A19:1c 3C 6C 7E GC GC G6 6G 70 | 1C49:FF 78 78 78 78 7F 7F F8 EF 1A21:7E 68 7C G6 66 3C G6 GG CO | 1Cc51:FC 1B GE GE 1E FC F8 78 81

17F9:1D 1D 1D 1D 1D 1D 1D 1D 28

G-28 COMPUTE MAY 1992

1E89:06 68 8G OB BG GB BB BB C5 1B91:06 68 68 88 GB BG BB BB CD 1£99:28 6G GG AA BB GG 69 BB 67 1EA1:0@6 14 68 98 FC 46 63 FF D1 1BA9:CO@ GF 3F 88 G4 3C 8G BB G3 1EB1:38 68 15 EC @@ 17 FC @6 D1 1EB9:83 @C 8B GB CC BB G2 BC 71 1EC1:06 66 68 GG GG BA GB BG 27 1EC9:986 GG BG BB GB BG BB BB G6 1ED1:00 88 GG BB GB GG BB BB GE 1ED9:28 6G GG AA GB GG 69 GB A7 1EE1:06 14 49 686 3F C® OO FF 28 1EE9:08 63 FC OO GF 3C OG 4 F3 LEF1:38 66 68 2F 66 15 3F CO DG 1EF9:15 36 CB GB 33 GB BB 32 BB 1FG1:88 86 26 66 GB AD BO GB G6 1FG9:06 6G GB BB BB BG BB BB 47 1F11:08 6G 6G GB BB BO BB BH 4F 1F19:28 69 6G AA GB BG 69 GB EB 1F21:06 14 6G 61 3F GG 63 FF 74 1F29:C@ OG FC FG GB 3C 106 BB 87 1F31:2C 66 @@ 3B 54 0G 3F D4 2F 1F39:08 30 CO GB 33 BB GB 32 67 1F41:86 68 29 GG GB AB BB BB 46 1F49:08 88 GG 6G GB GB BG BB 87 1F51:06 66 GB GG BB GB BO BB BF 1F59:28 @@8 GG AA GB GB 69 BG 29 1F61:01 14 6G 63 FC 6G 6G FF 3D 1F69:60 60 3F CG GB 3C FO OO GE 1F71:2C 10 66 F8 66 63 FC 54 B3 1F79:63 GC 54 GG CC OB G2 8C BD 1F81:66 G6 08 66 GB GA BB GB ESB 1F89:06 GG GG GG BB GD BO BB C7 1F91:06 6G 84 GO GB GB BG BO CF

Gus Vakalis drinks his milk every day in Jamaica, New York.

TURBO POKER

By Mark Neri

Turbo Poker brings the classic game of poker into the computer age. No longer is poker a game of leisurely thought. Tur- bo Poker requires a fast hand on the joy- stick and an even faster mind to arrange a relentless storm of cards.

Turbo Poker is written entirely in ma- chine language, but it loads and runs like a BASIC program. To type in Turbo Poker, use MLX, our machine language entry program. See “Typing Aids” else- where in this section. When MLX prompts, respond with the following.

Starting address: 0801 Ending address: 0E59

Be sure to save a copy of the program before you exit MLX.

When you are ready to play, type LOAD"TURBO POKER",8 and press Re- turn. When the cursor reappears, type RUN and press Return again. The Tur-

bo Poker screen will appear.

Playing the Game

Once the program has begun, select the level you want to play. To choose your level, use a joystick in port 2. Move the stick left and right to move the black level meter. When the needle is toward the left, the game is quite slow. As you move the needle to the right, the speed of the game increas- es. When the needle is on the far right, the game is extremely fast and quite difficult.

After you've selected a level, press the fire button to begin the game. A card will appear at the left side of the screen and begin to slide across to the right. When the card has gone about halfway across the screen, it will stop, and anew card will enter from the left. The object of the game is to form win- ning poker hands by guiding the cards with the joystick.

For those unfamiliar with poker, win- ning hands as well as their point values are shown below.

Two Pair. Two pairs of cards with match- ing numbers. 5 points.

Three of a Kind. Three cards of the same number. 10 points.

Straight. Five cards with consecutive numbers, of any suit. 20 points.

Flush. Five cards, all of the same suit. 30 points.

Full House. Two cards of one number and three of another number. 40 points,

Four of a Kind. Four cards of the same number. 50 points.

Straight Flush. Five cards with consec- utive numbers, all of the same suit. 75 points.

Royal Flush. Ace, king, queen, jack, and 10, all of the same suit. 100 points.

In Turbo Poker, seven hands of five cards are formed vertically. A hand must contain five cards in order for it to be counted.

As cards slide across the screen, try to position them so that they'll form win- ning hands. If you try to put a card where there's already a card, the card that's already there will slide right, push- ing along any cards that were there be- fore. If any card ends up being pushed off the screen, the game is over, After each card is placed, any win- ning hands will be removed, and points will be awarded. The cards to their right will fill in the spaces that the removed cards leave. By forming hands and causing them to be re- moved, you can stop the cards from reaching the right edge of the screen and ending the game. Note that any of the seven columns is a hand, and a win- ning combination in any of them will be removed.

For each winning hand, your score will increase. The amount by which your score increases depends both on the hand you managed to form and the level you're playing. When you've re- moved a certain number of hands, your level will increase, and the cards will slide faster.

TURBO POKER

0801:0B @8 C7 G7 JE 32 30 36 56 G809:31 G8 GB GB 26 17 OC 26 47 9811:7F 6D A9 GB 85 1C 85 1D 1E 9819:85 1E 85 1F 20 SF OD 20 CE @821:CC GC AG 86 AO FF 99 FF 37 @829:BF 88 D@ FA 20 67 OB AY 63 0831:08 85 G6 85 69 85 OB 85 BS 9839:0A AS 1B 49 OF 85 1A E6 59 G841:1A 26 86 GC 26 85 GB 85 AA 0849:GE 29 GF 85 87 A5 GE 4A 1A 0851:4A 4A 4A 85 68 AS 62 85 1B 9859:04 AS G3 85 G5 A5 GB FG 53 9861:05 C6 GB 4C AG G8 AE GO 4E 0869:DC 8A 29 G1 D@ 15 AS G6 EB G871:FG 11 C6 G6 AX 64 85 GB EA G879:A5 62 38 E9 78 85 62 BO 11 9881:02 C6 63 8A 29 G2 DG 17 57 G889:A5 G6 C9 G4 FO 1l E6 86 87 9891:A9 G4 85 GB A5 G2 18 69 A7 G899:78 85 62 99 G2 E6 63 8A CC G8A1:29 08 DG 66 85 GA AD G1 6B @8A9:85 1A AS GA FO @5 C6 BA 8B @8B1:4C CO 68 AS 1A 85 GA E6 55 08B9:09 E6 G2 DG G2 E6 G3 20 27 @8C1:EB OB 20 A2 GB 26 63 69 61 G8C9:A5 69 C9 11 FO G3 4C 56 BB G8D1:08 26 F4 G8 A4 1A 26 63 3E 68D9:G9 88 DG FA 26 F4 08 A4 E3 @8E1:1A 26 63 G9 88 DG FA 20 Al G8E9:F4 G8 20 37 G9 26 GE B9 9C @8F1:4C 30 68 A5 G2 85 16 A5 87 GGF9:03 18 69 D4 85 17 AG 3D 13 9961:Bl 02 C8 91 G2 88 Bl 16 4A 9989:C8 91 16 88 88 CB FF DO 47

MAY 1992 COMPUTE G-29

PROGRAMS

9911:EF A9 AG AG GG 91 G2 AG BE | GB41:FG 21 AS OC 18 69 28 85 C9 | OD71:68 29 GF 18 69 38 99 33 DF $919:28 91 62 AG 17 91 G2 AG 91 | GB49:GC 85 16 96 64 E6 BD E6 4F | 9D79:G5 CB CA DG ES 6G AO FF B2 9921:18 91 62 A9 G5 AG GG 91 BA | OB51:17 A5 14 18 69 28 85 14 6B | OD81:8D GE D4 8D GF D4 AO 8G FB 9929:16 AG 28 91 16 AG 17 91 7F | gB59:85 18 96 G4 E6 15 E6 19 FC | 6D89:8D 12 D4 AY BF 8D 18 D4 DB 9931:16 AG 18 91 16 6G AS G6 16 | gB61:4C 2C GB C6 BF 66 A2 46 F5 | BD91:A9 14 8D BG D4 8D Gl D4 EA 0939:GA GA GA 85 BC A9 CG 85 7A | BB69:A9 G1 9D 83 CO CA DG FA 4E | 6D99:A9 G8 8D B5 D4 AO BG 8D 67 9941:6D AG G6 Bl GC C9 FF FG 56 | 6B71:AG G4 AO GO 99 BF CB 99 34 | BDA1:G6 D4 6G AY 10 BD G4 D4 2E 9949:05 68 68 4C BA BD AG G6 95 | GB79:9F C4 99 AF CB 99 BF C@ 6A | BDA9:2G 63 G9 AD 1l 8D 4 D4 G4 6951:Bl @C C8 91 GC 88 88 CO C5 | OB81:88 DG Fl 60 AD 1B D4 29 Gl | gpB1l:A2 @5 20 63 G9 CA DG FA AB $959:FF D@ F5 AS GE AG GG 91 3D | 6B89:3F AA BD 84 CO FG F5 AQ 49 | GDB9:66 AG C3 F2 C9 D5 F2 C3 23 6961:GC 66 AD 11 DG 16 FB AD C4 | 6B91:60 9D 84 CO 8A 66 C9 FF 15 | gDC1:C9 FG C9 AD D5 C9 AG 69 CO 9969:11 DS 39 FB 60 AS GO 85 2D | 6B99:FG G6 AA AY G1 9D 84 CB El | BDC9:29 20 5F AG 69 2G 20 SF 5D G971:GF AG G4 AD GG 85 18 99 1E | GBA1:6G AS G2 85 16 A5 G3 18 4F | gpD1:AG 20 AG 69 EO AG 2G 26 21 9979:3F C@ 88 DG FA AG 16 99 99 | BBA9:69 D4 85 17 A4 B7 BY DA 5B | gpD9:2G 26 AG 69 26 26 SF AD 97 G981:43 C@ 88 DG FA A4 GF BO C5 | GBB1:6B AG GG 91 G2 AG 29 91 G5 | gpE1:AG AG AG C2 C2 C2 EB F2 AG 9989:G5 CG 20 E9 39 BO G8 CO GE | OBB9:G2 A4 G8 BY E7 OB AG 28 6B | GDE9:CB EB Fl C9 C2 C2 AG 20 42 G991:26 E9 69 BO 16 CG 2G ED 98 | gBC1:91 G2 AG G1 91 G2 AS G8 2D | SBDF1:AG AG 2G AG 2G AG AG 2G 77 6999:69 B9 18 CB 26 EO G9 BY 22 | gBC9:29 G2 AD GB 91 16 CB 91 11 | ODF9:AG 26 69 EO AG AG 20 E2 E2 G§9A1:26 CO 26 E9 G9 A5 18 DG 66 | gBp1:16 AG 28 91 16 C8 91 16 46 | GEG1:E2 AG AG 29 AG AG 2G AG 35 G9A9:36 26 63 GA 29 1B GA 206 81 | gBp9:6G 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 7F | GEG9:AG AG AG CB CA CB CB CA 56 @9B1:46 GA A6 13 EG GG F@ G7 5C | GBE1:39 14 BA 11 GB G1 41 58 23 | gE11:C3 Fl C3 Fl Fl CB AG 26 43 99B9:20 2F GD CA 4C B5 G9 A5 E6 | GBE9:5A 53 A5 G4 85 16 AS B5 CB | GE19:2G 26 E9 AG 2G AD AG 26 79 99Cl:13 C9 GG FG 1A 26 BE GA B7 | OBF1:18 69 D4 85 17 AO AG AG A2 | GE21:AG 26 DF SF AG AG 26 62 Bl 09C9:E6 1F A5 1F C9 BC DB GF EC | BBF9:G8 91 G4 CB 91 G4 AG 28 87 | GE29:62 AG AG 20 20 20 £9 AG AA 69D1:A5 1B C9 GF FG 69 E6 1B 3C | GCG1:91 G4 CB 91 G4 AD GS AG 86 | GE31:AG AG AG AG AG AG AG AG 4D 99D9:20 F8 GC AO OO 85 1F E6 91 | GCB9:GG 91 16 CB 91 16 AG 28 23 | GE39:AG AG AG AG AG AG AG 2G D4 O9E1:GF A5 GF C9 68 DG 8A 6G SC | GCl11:91 16 CB 91 16 6G A9 G1 3G | GE41:AG AG AG AG DF 26 20 EO 9D 69E9:C9 FF F@ 11 48 29 GF AA BF | GC19:8D 21 DG AY G6 8D 20 DG GC | GE49:AG 26 AG DF 5F AG 26 26 AD O9F1:FE 44 CO 68 4A 4A 4A 4A 8D | 6C21:A2 G4 AG 18 AO ES 85 14 31 | GE51:26 26 AG 20 AG DF SF AG 7F O9F9:AA FE 46 CG 60 AQ G1 85 66 | GC29:85 16 A9 G3 85 15 AY D7 9A | GE59:AG 26 BO GG GG BG BG GB CD GAG1:16 66 AD GB 85 11 AG G4 26 | Gc31:85 17 AD AG 91 14 AD B5 46 GAG9:B9 3F C@ C9 G5 DG G7 AY Al | GC39:91 16 C8 DB F5 CA FG G7 89 S af ee @A11:01 85 11 4C 1A A 88 DB C8 | gc41:E6 15 E6 17 4c 33 oc ag 48 | Mark Neri is a card shark who lives in @A19:EF 60 A9 GG 85 12 AA AD E9 | gc49:ag BO BS GD 99 FF G3 AQ a4 | Longwood, Florida

GA21:56 CG FO G1 E8 AG GD BS 59 | GC51:06 99 FF D7 99 27 D8 AQ 15 GA29:43 CO FO GB E8 EG G5 FB 73 | 6C59:69 99 C7 DB AY 26 99 C7 27 GA31:09 4C 37 GA A2 GG 88 DG 5B | 6C61:04 88 DG E5 AG G5 BO 7B 1E FILE LORD GA39:EE 68 A9 G1 85 12 60 A5 FC | 6C69:GC 99 FB G4 BO 80 BC 99 2F

GA41:11 FG 1D A5 12 FO 14 AD 42 | 6C71:6B 65 88 DB Fl AO 36 8D 2 By Daniel Lightner GA49:52 CO FO GA AD 44 CB DG 46 | GC79:39 G5 68 GC G5 16 65 BCD :

GA51:05 A9 64 4C AD GA AS 4B D7 | 6C81:13 63 GF 12 @5 AD 1B D4 pg | /Nere'sno end to the data you can man- @A59:4C AD GA A9 1E 4C AD GA 62 | 6C89:29 G7 C9 5 BG F7 85 G6 F7 | 29e with this database program for the GA61:A5 12 FG G5 A9 14 4C AD IF | GC91:85 62 AY BB 85 G3 G6 G2 68 | 64, and it's easy to create and access GA69:GA AO 64 20 BG GA EG Gl DF | 6C99:G6 G2 G6 G2 aS a2 aS us Se files with hundreds of records. With File @A71:D@ G5 A9 32 4C AD GA AQ 5E | GCAL:A5 G3 85 17 G6 G B5 | Lor is : A 0A79:G3 26 BG GA EG Gl DG BE 88 | BCA9:G6 G2 26 G3 G6 G2 26 B3 Cl ee ee GA81:A9 G2 26 BO GA EG Gl DEG AG | BCB1:A5 G2 38 E5 16 85 G2 AS F2 dhe ySaRuOn

Ga89:@5 A9 28 4C AD GA AQ G3 4G | GCB9:G3 E9 9G 85 G3 AS G2 18 Fa | Collections, friends’ addresses, and GA91:20 BO GA EG G1 DG GS AY 3G | BCC1:69 96 85 G2 A5 G3 69 B5 94 | muCchmore. Plus, File Lord allows you to GA99:GA 4C AD GA AQ G2 26 BB 62 | GCC9:85 G3 6G AD BG AE GB DC 13 | specify the number of fields and their GAA1:GA EG 62 DG G5 A9 BS 4C 65 | GCD1:8A 29 G4 DO G5 CO OG FB 23 | namesineachrecord, Youcanalso spec- GAAS:AD GA AS GG 85 13 69 AG 26 | OCD9:G1 88 BA 29 BB DB B5 CO CE | if the length of each field

@AB1:0D A2 @@ D9 43 CO DG G1 52 | GCE1:GF FG G1 C8 BA 29 10 DB 54 g ‘ GAB9:E8 88 DG F7 60 A4 GF BY 6B | GCE9:G3 84 1B 69 84 1B 20 F8 D7 é GAC1:03 CO 26 97 GB B9 BB CG 93 | GCF1:GC 20 63 59 4c CE Gc a2 6D | Getting Started

GAC9:28 97 GB BO 16 CG 26 97 2c | BCF9:16 AS AGB 9D 1D B5 CA DG D5 | File Lord is written entirely in machine QAD1:0B B9 18 CB 26 97 OB BO 18 Hae a4 1B ee 3B ag =e a5 aA language; enter it with MLX, our ma- GAD9:26 CO 26 97 GB B9 G1 CG AD | GDG9:6G AG B9 BY 25 BD D7 A F

GAE1:99 36 CO B9 G9 CG 99 GB FC | GD11:04 88 DB F7 AD GG DC 29 39 ae aS program. See @AE9:C@ B9 11 CB 99 16 ca B9 43 | BD19:1¢ DG F9 AD GB Dc 29 16 5F | _ lyPing Aids” elsewhere in this sec- GAF1:19 C@ 99 18 CB BO 21 CB 67 | GD21:FG F9 4C @D G8 G7 G1 BD F7 | tion. When MLX prompts, respond GAF9:99 24 CG C8 CH G8 DG DD 2D | GD29:95 26 GF 16 G5 12 48 8A 9C | with the following values.

@BG1:A9 FF 8D G6 C® 8D BE CO 17 | GD31:48 98 48 28 A4 GD AS 1B 60 9BG9:8D 16 CO 8D 1E CB 8D 26 91 | OD39:18 69 G1 C9 GA 99 G3 18 27 A

OB11:C@ A9 G5 85 GD 85 15 A9 3D | GD41:69 G6 FB 18 65 1C 85 IC F4 tke serch wee @B19:D9 85 17 85 19 A9 A6 85 FA | 6D49:A5 1D 69 69 85 1D AS le B4 | Fhelng address: 1HC3 @B21:GC 85 16 AS A3 85 14 85 DC | 6D51:69 GB 85 1E D8 20 SF BD C5 @B29:18 A2 GE AS GF GA 18 65 46 | @D59:68 AS 68 AA 68 6G A2 G3 96 | After you've finished typing in the pro- 6B31:GF A8 Bl GC 91 14 Bl 16 46 | 9D61:AG GB BS 1B 48 4A 4A 4A 7E | gram, be sure to save a copy to disk un- 6B39:91 18 C8 CG 15 DB F3 CA El | BD69:4A 18 69 36 99 33 G5 CB 4B | Ger the name of File Lord.

G-30 COMPUTE MAY 1992

Using the Program

File Lord is easy to use. You just load and run it as you would any BASIC pro- gram. When you first run the program, you must load a file or create a new one. To create a file, choose option 7 of the File Lord menu. Note that you must use the Shift key with all of the op- tions below option 6. After you have se- lected an option, the computer prompts you to make sure. If the label displayed is correct, press the Y key; if not, press N.

Number of Fields

If you chose option 7, you'll be prompt- ed for a filename. Enter the name you wish to call the file and press Return. Next, you'll be asked for the number of fields that you wish each record to con- tain. For example, if you want the file.to contain addresses, you'd want to in- clude people's names. So Name would be one field. You'd also want street addresses, so that's two. You'd also want the city, state, and ZIP code for each person. If you want each of these to be a separate field, it might look something like this.

In this example there are five fields. So to answer the prompt, you would press the 5 key. File Lord allows up to nine fields.

In the example above, the Name field could've been replaced by three fields to record a person's first name, middle name, and last name. That would've left two fields remaining. We could then include a telephone num- ber and perhaps a field for notes.

Field Names

When you've entered the number of fields you want, File Lord will ask you to name them. At the prompt, give the name for each field indicated.

Field Size

When you've finished naming the fields, File Lord will prompt you for the maximum number of characters you want for each field. File Lord will ac-

cept up to 18 characters for each field. If you don't need that many, how- ever, don’t enter that many. For exam- ple, in a field for telephone numbers, you would only need 3 for the area code, 1 for a dash, 3 more for the pre- fix, 1 for another dash, and then 4 for the final four digits. It might look like this: 409-555-1212. In this case, you would choose 12 characters. You can abbreviate the states with two-letter postal codes.

When you've finished entering the re- quired data to set up a file, File Lord dis- plays the information and asks if eve- rything is correct. Press N if you wish to make changes in the format.

Write a Record

Now that you've created a file, let's write a record by selecting option 2. No- tice that File Lord prompts you with your field names. You simply enter the required information at the prompt. If you don't know all the correct data, sim- ply enter something fictitious; it can eas- ily be deleted later.

Read a Record

Select option 1 to read a record. File Lord tells you how many records you have and asks for a number to read, En- ter a record number to read it. If sev- eral files are available, you can scroll through them by selecting option 4.

If you wish to read a record but can't remember its number, you can se- lect option 5 to search for a string. Sup- pose you want the file on John Jones. Select option 5 and enter John Jones at the prompt. File Lord will scan the re- cords until it finds that string or reach- es the end of the records. When it finds a match, it will display that record onscreen. If it finds more than one re- cord, it will display them one at a time, in the order that they were found.

Delete a Record

You can delete unwanted information quite easily. Find the record number you wish to delete and then select op- tion 3. When a record is deleted, all the record numbers that are higher will be decreased by one.

Print a Record Use option 6 t0 dump a record to the printer. Make sure your printer is

turned on and ready before choosing this feature.

Other Options

If you select Delete a File, this option will scratch from the disk the file current- ly in memory. Use this option if you're modifying a file; scratch the old file be- fore saving the new version.

Save This File will save the file cur- rently in memory, with the filename that you specified when you created it.

Load a file by entering the corre- sponding option number and following the prompts.

You can view a disk directory by pressing the Shift key and the 4 key si- multaneously, To stop a directory list- ing, press f7. Restart the listing by pressing f5.

Press Shift-Q when you wish to exit File Lord and return to BASIC.

FILE LORD

@801:0B 98 746 17 YE 32 34 38 6E @899:37 68 GB GG 26 26 24 26 96 @811:26 26 26 28 20 AG C4 BO 6 @819:3C 68 99 F8 GG BO FD 98 F6 @821:99 33 63 88 DG Fl AD B9 4C @829:B9 GC G8 99 FF 63 88 DG Al @831:F7 A9 B® 85 2D AY 19 85 DD 9839:2E 4C 6G G1 GD 60 G1 BO 26 9841:19 33 13 B9 6E 69 99 EB 5C 0849:07 C8 DG F7 EE @2 @1 EE 19 $851:05 G1 C6 F9 DG ED A2 83 23 0859:20 34 63 FG 33 C9 87 DB 95 @861:16 A2 G1 26 34 63 DB GA AD @869:A2 G4 26 34 63 18 69 67 65 9871:19 @5 A2 GA 26 34 G3 85 1D @879:A8 A5 A7 85 A9 AS FE 85 FB G881:F7 AS FF 85 F8 28 6C 63 73 @889:A5 F8 85 FF A5 F7 85 FE 72 G891:E8 20 34 63 DG 1E A2 G8 21 6899:20 34 63 AG G2 84 AB 85 2A G8Al1:A6 18 A5 FC 65 A6 85 F7 58 G@8A9:A5 FD 65 A7 85 F8 20 6C EF @8B1:03 4C 13 61 E8 20 34 83 FB @8B9:DG 1C AG G3 84 AB EB 26 36 @8C1:34 G3 FG G8 A2 GB 26 34 F4 98C9:G3 4C 5C G1 A2 BC 20 34 C3 @8D1:03 E6 A7 4C 5C Gl E8 26 AF 98D9:34 63 DG GA E8 28 34 G3 B2 G8E1:18 69 64 AB D@ D6 EB 26 37 @8E9:34 G3 DG GA A2 G2 20 34 21 G8F1:93 18 69 66 D@ ED A2 B8 A2 G8F9:20 34 63 DG E6 AD BB 85 FT G901:A7 A4 FB F@ BC G6 FA 2A 37 99099:26 A7 C6 FB CA D@ F2 A8 DB G911:60 48 Bl FE 85 FA A9 G8 FE 9919:85 FB 68 A4 FE DG 62 C6 4A @921:FF C6 FE CO E7 D@ DE A4 BS 9929:FF CG 67 D@® D8 AY 37 85 BA 9931:01 58 4C OD 68 A4 AB FO 49 9939:22 A5 F7 38 E5 A8 BO G3 7E 9941:C6 FS 38 85 F7 A5 FC E5 8A

MAY 1992 COMPUTE

PROGRAMS

G949:A8 G951:F7 G959:A9 G961:F8 G969:61 9971:C8 6979:08 G981:FE @989:A9 G991:BA 6999:6F O9A1:11 G9A9:8D 99B1:6E G9BI:FG G9C1L:FG G9C9:FO @9D1:CF 99D9:29 G9E1:28 @9E9:4E G9F1:56 G9F9:3 20 @AG1:AC GAG9:90 GA11:39 GA19:G5 @A21:83 @A29:85 @A31:21 GA39:39 GA41:08 GA49:AC GA51 200 @A59:44 @A61:Cl GA69:69 GA71:E4 GA79:FO GA81:9C GA89:Al GA91:AF GA99:69 GAA1:18 GAAI: BG GAB1:E5 GAB9:44 GAC1:E9 @AC9: GF @AD1:4C @AD9: GC GAE1:87 GAE9:38 @AF1:D7 GAF9:G1 G@BO1:BE GBG9: 2G GB11:AG 9B19:8D GB21:3A 9B29:26 @B31:15 6B39:96 0B41:10 @B49:B8 9B51:19 @B59:FO 9B61:16 @B69:B3 GB71:B2

G-32

Bo 88 FG C6 4c 07 ao 85 34 A2 a8 F6 G2 F2 2F 36 39 EG FG FG EE 41 iF OB DF OB CE 3B E5 DD 85 93 G6 07 8a El cl AE 49 86 C3 BG 18 26 72 94 3A @5 4c 5E E4 CE 16 G3 CE AC G1 GE 1B BO 19 3c FG 51 38 ED Ag G6 73 G2

G2 91 OA AQ 16 9E E6 ol 8D D5 D3 Ag D4 93 cg co cg 49 46 4a 98 2B GA 4c @C EE OF 63 4c @2 cD 4E 42 75 EB co 2D B2 gc Ag G1 66 81 F4 CF 43 18 66 24 oc 6E E3 G4 6D 42 il 12 D4 Dl 24 14 D9 8B 42 Ag 79 6D c2 oo Dg

FD 98 F7 EC 60 39 78 cl 63 EF i) 8D GE 23 FO FO FQ 36 cc 24 @D ic

“41

41 38 5B 46 6 FC B3 OB @D 56 1F 1E 96 C3 F3 82 1B 46 FB 03 gC 9B 16 7A 2B 71 42 G2 4FP E9 26 Fo cg 23 B6 30 E2 3D 4c 21 15 ED 1B G2 E9 De 98

85 Da cé6 68 ti) 36 AS 8D 58 B4 D4 a5 26 1B 31 32 3B FO FO FO 84 28 1c 56 1A @5 68 Fo AT Bl 61 3B oc 87 Le 63 Ag 49 6F 26 Ag c8 16 Ag E8 E7 51 g9 Gl 12 23 BS) 18 D6 BF @5 E4 87 96 32 13 8D 66 12 94 7E 5E 16 DB 56

COMPUTE MAY 1992

@B79:41 @B81:A9 @B89:64 @B91:14 @B99:CF GBA1: 20 G@BA9:51 @BB1:BG @BB9:3D @BC1:C9 @BC9:4C GBD1:58 @BD9:83 @BE1:14 GBE9: GB GBF1:64 GBF9:36 @CG1:GC 9CG9:6D @C11:5E @C19:68 @C21:28 9C29:21 @C31:E9 @C39:87 9C41:190 GC49:E7 @C51:AE 6C59:07 @C61:99 @C69:14 @C71:7C @C79:4E G6C81:66 @C89:FA @C91:D8 @C99:98 OCA1:GA @CA9:4C GCB1:0A GCB9:GA GCC1L:AF @CC9:3D GCD1:E9 @CD9: 86 @CE1:E9 @CE9: 00 GCF1:62 GCF9:41 GDG1:Dd 6D89:26 9D11:36 GD19:22 @D21:92 GD29:AG @D31:D7 0D39:63 @D41:AA @D49:4C @D51:79 GD59:G2 GD61:84 @D69:D5 @D71:998 GD79:DG @D81:81 GD89:BOa @D91:9B @D99:A3 GDA1:95

cg AE Cy) 11 4G 73 6B 93 68 68 cg cs 65 16 95 47 66 66 E8 9D c3 44 1c 38 c8 G3 AC F3 28 cc 8A BB 98 36 G2 2c 18 Ul) Ag 42 B2 cg AA 10 AG 88 co B9 c8 OF BO 42 99 BD CE EE 1A 1D EG E5 46 84 G1 BO cg 96 26 AD OA 4c

07 F4 Do FO El cD 90 4c 1D @D 02 68 46 6B D4 96 cB ce 85 Dc De Dg 9A 7A AD 41 E2 6C cD 6o 22 FO AD gc cD BB DS 88 O4 ED 94 59 ug E6 07 C3 cg 26 64 7c 63 26 EE 5A GE 1h) 30 pl 52 Hak 8c El 7B CB 31 B6 AC 34 2A EF

Do E8 @5 18 61 43 33 AS FO FO BO 41 4c 4c cé 5c 4c 80 FE 07 88 OB 84 6D 21 9c 99 EA 91 82 56 27 13 cD AB 36 DD 44 68 26 ait Da 35 1A B7 67 25 FE 8c G4 F5 88 18 16 26 Bo De FD CE 76 il) i) 1c D9 De co B2 BF 7c @D

FS 6C 78 BS 56 96 62 82 2D oF 67 oo 84 1c 79 3c @5 F6 87 G2 28 28 6G 18 69 12 44 41 23 16 80 27 ec AC 19 1c B4 gc 87 4E 4A 6E 2F 95 31 EG BA 45 47 OB 53 CA BD 85 SE 65 ES: c8 F6 61 cs 3F alae 1E BD 39 AA 49 6G AD

GDA9: 36 @DB1:Al @DB9:12 @DC1:GF @DC9:AD @DD1:8D @DD9:20 @DE1:6D ODE9:F6 @DF1:7B

c4 4c 13 TF G2 16 12 5D 46 48

84 53 20 GE B7 AD 38 De ce 26

18 C3 23 3c FS 5E 75 EG B8 9D

69 39 71 BD 68 EO cc @l 87 84

99 72 3c AG 5a 14 G2 De 22 FB

@E11:A7 GE19:35 GE21:79 GE29:G5 GE31:83 GE39:A2

GE41

GE49:FC

97 03 17 BA 7E 55 E9

E9 35 26 02 cD 62 85

16 oF DS 4c 55 71 FB

1F @C GA as F3 58 18

69 OY C4 26 80 c8 69

GE99:48 GEA1: 26

BB 8D

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GE DB

B4 1A

GEC9: 20

GED1:AB

FF A2

cg 2E

38 77

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20 E2

GFG1:82 @FG9:CB @F11:5F OF19:B1l GF21:4C GF29:92 GF31:4C

23 G3 96 4c 16 c3 12

22 FO cl 2c 1E 19 24

cg OF 67 E2 26 76 DS

56 cg 07 G1 C6 U1) 8E

A5 E3 74 65 ag 34 12

@F61:8D GF69:AD GF71:9C GF79:GA GF81:E7 GF89:FF GF91:46 GF99:38 GFA1L: 69 GFA9: 4G GFB1: 00 GFB9:A9 GFC1:4C GFC9:CB GFD1:17

2E G2 CA 64 45 oo 29 EF. CB G4 cc 8D 66 9B 3B

2c FO 10 06 AQ 94 1D DO 4D G4 G2 18 3A 1l D4

F2 @5 c4 E8 OF G4 85 FB 4B 76 (ek) D4 5c 92 OF

G2 29 66 03 oD 14 4A 63 De 1c 62 60 9B D5 44

5 AG Ur) 27 Ag ol 96 46 AQ 21 66 07 GA C6 3c

OFD9:16 OFE1:BA GFE9:43 OFF1:18 GFF9:07 1601:E8 1609:FO 1011:F4 1919:0A 1921:93 1629:8F 1031:66 1639:CF 1941:1B 1649:26 1651:4F 1659:14 1661:4C 1669:06 1971:12 1679:4E 1681:11 1689:40 1091:A9 1699:8E 1GA1:AG 16A9:6E 16B1:9F 16B9:91 19C1:C9 10C9:BO 10D1:F@ 16D9:FG 16E1:B0 1GE9:A2 16F1:49 1GF9:F2 1161:66 11069:1C 1111:62 1119:12 1121:5A 1129:9E 1131:6A 1139:0A 1141:DCc 1149:60 1151:23 1159:AD 1161:66 1169:Bl 1171:D8 1179:GE 1181:FB 1189:26 1191:18 1199: 11Al: 11A9: 11B1:21 11B9:D@ 11C1:66 11€9:Bd 11D1:Bl 11D9:92 11E1:66 11£9:46 11F 1:30 11F9:69 1261:DF

F7 44 3c 95 2c E4 43 53 2F El 77 11 D9 3B 34 ce AS 16 G8 36 96 CT) AS 85 14 B2 4c 65 91 E6 cg cg cg AD A7 F2 8A AC 54 G4 dil. 26 38 27 48 BD FD 12 59 BE 20 AD A5 FC 12 95

40 8D 59 AD 8D E7 @5 88 35 8D 28

46 86 42 41 71 AC 19 A3 62 91 3D B9 B3 @D c4 3c 16 83 Do cg 4c io) FE FD 69 G2 EC 44 @1 A} 14 20 2c BC 62 28 84 AB 38 13 1A cl 52 F4 Ag Al cg Dg 35 30 D2 B9 FB 69 26 66

18 14 14 G2 AE E8 88 co G3 34 14

13 4c F5 33 EC ala @D 29 40 E3 7. 78 A8 72 D3 1c C3 o 9A FO 1F FD 02 18 AD 17 14 3E 26 96 3D E6 DE 87 CF 6o OF @1 DF 80 FB 6D EE OD 67 8D FO 99 FO 19 37 cg B3 85 12 20

88 co 81 Bo c8 E7 3c Dg AD cg G3

83 c7 46 43 65 B3 24 8F C4 11 58 15 17 G3 18 Fl 1B 21 46 o7 77 69 FE 85 15 5B DE 43 E4 co cg cg cg OF 95 FO EE BO E9 80 E4 A4 18 CE A2 EO 4F 46 @5 1l 1c G1 G2 FC cD 4c

Bl 65 G2 62 cc 21 c8 F3 CA 65 oo

121 121 122 1229:C3 1231:42 1239:4E 1241:CC 1249:AF 1251:68 1259:63

16 E3 2E aL 4F 4c 56 54 C2 88 C3

E8 46 47 39 4D 49 F2 FA oc 56 31

OA OF 59 32 55 41 co 96 co 44 73

G1 34 41 D3 BB 54 21 OB 53 1l E3

93 D8 7F 8E De 49 87 1c Dl 1l 93

sc 9A EG cc 55 4P 69 cl 53 BS 34

6c AD 7D 2E 42 24 54 EA 1B 29 26

1281:42 1289:C6 1291:64 1299:D4 12A1:E3 12A9:07 12B1:38 12B9:3C 12C1:78 12C9:CC 12D1:Cl 12D9: 98 12E1:82 12E9:9A 12F1:84 12F9:81

36 1E c3 4F 63 CE Dg 46 83 oF >) 26 69 20 66 8c

B5 66 36 26 C3 78 CA 3c D4 8D FO 32 88 cs cc 00

08 60 A4 52 E7 81 08 cl 63 68 FO 98 A2 98 11 96

33 2A D2 78 A3 Cl) 38 D3 8C 4A 24 4c A3 61 @D 28

16 43 81 F7 c3 19 A8 41 8D 81 Fl BO c2 Ccé 1l 37

4 23 GA 43 91 Fl 36 83 11 cl 28 ol E3 44 Ag 2D

F3 F7 8F B4 63 92 6B 42 A5 44 1D F4 12 74 EF 76

1321:71 1329:E7 1331:8E 1339: 3F 1341:8C 1349:26 1351:62 1359:52 1361:58 1369:38 1371: 86 1379:B8 1381:6D 1389: 6E 1391:63 1399:4E 13A1:65 13A9:D6 13B1:19 13B9:EE 13C1:Cd 13C9:AG 13D1:EE 13D9:89 13E1:45 13E9:00 13F1:2E 13F9:73 1461:62 1469:89 1411:51 1419355 1421:1C 1429:CB 1431:Al

26 96 AD 96 6E 54 48 AC AC 65 1D 65 41 55 48 56 4. 28 04 63 2E 39 59 56 53 43 23 73 61 c7 3E TH 1D 2D 6E

73 1l 4E AA 41 4D 52 AG 83 49 A4 16 58 4D 41 80 BG 31 9A 76 GE 6F 26 6E 45 6F Gl 14 72 E9 1c Dg 1D ao 45

Zo. F4 86 39 8F 43 AC 46 45 48 OS Dg 4D 39 2A 2B Oo 31 63 co 99 26 21 24 OA 92 98 61 GE 48 79 3F 2A 52 A3

88 68 87 29 3F 4F gc 93 56 46 G3 76 4D DF 23 BA 49 38 69 43 Ag 6D 21 8D 3E cl 67 63 39 A7 2F 26 20 82 9B

29 4F 8D (]) 49 4E 4F 82 EE 83 1E 62 ly 8G 20 61 07 29 87 45 6F 45 1c 38 0@ 7c 72 65 C7 28 6E 93 Ths 3E 77

AC 57 41 4B 32 BA 55 49 B4 6E 86 40 8D 88 52 67 1l 98 Ct) 1c 55 4D 62 A6 4 63 65 26 45 43 DD @D 55 EG A7

EA 52 9E 9A 84 De A2 38 9c 57 2c 28 7B Dc 39 1B 6B 93 cc 1c ED 6F @4 cg 38 8E cé c3 4c G2 7A 6F 6D B2 G6

1439:969 5E 36 3C OC EG 6A G3 C3 1441:E4 43 52 4F 4C 4C DE 88 CS 1449:53 79 A4 EE AG 6G 8E 39 58 1451:68 45 41 52 43 48 F4 64 75 1459:1E 26 A4 73 54 82 47 68 88 1461:24 72 45 43 4F 52 14 74 75 1469:4F 20 70 52 49 4E 62 BS B4 1471:52 88 38 6C 4F 41 44 26 D9 1479:C3 73 41 56 7D @6 61 12 C6 1481:31 64 45 D7 54 82 24 64 DA 1489:49 53 4B 20 66 49 4C 45 CC 1491:26 2A GD OD 96 38 BF 53 2F 1499:36 3A 35 Dl 11 OF A8 51 93 14A1:8F 93 28 8F 89 14 BF 84 B4 14A9:GA @OF 82 OD 81 2A 2A 2A EE 14B1:CE 66 GE 81 22 G0 GG GB 44 14B9:CO 66 BB BB BB BB BB BB 42

Daniel Lightner has had numerous pro- grams published in Gazette. His most recent was File Copier (November 1991). He manipulates his files in Sid- ney, Montana.

PIXEL MOVER

By Hong Pham

One of the many interesting features of the VIC-II chip is its ability to support smooth scrolling, both vertically and hor- izontally. With a single POKE to location $D011 or $D016 (53265 and 53270, re- spectively), the screen will smoothly scroll in a vertical or horizontal direction— but only for seven pixels.

When the seven-pixel limit is reached, a program is required to scroll the screen's contents one character fur- ther. BASIC is too slow, however, to move the contents fast enough to pre- vent annoying jitters.

With Pixel Mover, you can smoothly scroll the entire screen pixel by pixel in eight different directions without any jit- ters. Or if you like, you can scroll up to eight pixels at a time, Best of all, with Pix- el Mover installed, you can do it quite eas- ily with just one powerful SYS command from your BASIC program.

Getting Started

Because Pixel Mover is written entirely in machine language, use MLX, our ma- chine language entry program, to type it in. See “Typing Aids” elsewhere in this section. When prompted for start- ing and ending addresses, respond with the following values.

Starting address: CABO Ending address: D001

MAY 1992 COMPUTE G-33

PROGRAMS

SS ENA L TNO ae SS ERE EL ERS ON NS Ta ARIS GD Pe PLT EE LSPS LE

When you've finished typing in Pixel Mover, be sure to save it to a work disk under the given name because Re- locator and Demo, a demonstration pro- gram, search for that name.

To activate Pixel Mover, enter the fol- lowing commands: LOAD "PIXEL MOV- ER",8,1; NEW; and SYS 51888.

SYS and POKE Parameters

Because Pixel Mover is totally relocat- able, a fixed address should not be used. Instead, use a variable to repre- sent the starting address and use off- sets of the variable to access subrou- tines or memory locations within the Program. The default base or starting address is $CABO (51888). For exam- ple, if you let SA equal starting address 51888, then SYS 52013 would be writ- ten as SYS SA + 125.

SYS SA

Use this SYS with a variable set to Pix- el Mover's starting address to activate the program. An important interrupt pro- gram that is necessary for Pixel Mov- er's subroutines to work is activated once this command is made.

SYS SA +51

This SYS will disable Pixel Mover and restore the former interrupt vector.

SYS SA + 125, direction, amount

This scrolls the screen in a direction specified by the first parameter. The following figure illustrates the direction- al values.

The second parameter, a value be- tween 1 and 320, indicates how many pixels to scroll in that direction.

If you are calling this routine from ma- chine language, use JSR SA + $70 (112). Use the X register to indicate the direction of the scroll, the Y register to indicate the LSB of the amount to scroll, and the accumulator to repre- sent the MSB.

G-34 COMPUTE MAY 1992

POKE/ PEEK (SA + 87)

This is the shadow location for the VIC- Il 58270 location. Read and write to this location instead of the standard 53270 location. For example, to switch to multicolor mode, use POKE SA + 87, PEEK(SA + 87) OR 16 instead of POKE 53270, PEEK(53270) OR 16.

POKE/ PEEK (SA + 92)

Poke or peek to this location instead of using 53265, For example, to switch to hi-res mode, use POKE SA + 92, PEEK(SA + 92) OR 82 instead of POKE 53265, PEEK(53265) OR 32.

POKE/ PEEK (SA + 97)

To change the screen memory or the character memory, poke to this loca- tion instead of the standard VIC-II 53272 location.

POKE 648, page number

If you are switching to a new screen memory location, set the correspond- ing page number to location 648. To de- termine the page number, divide the screen memory location by 256. The de- fault value for this location is 4 (screen memory set at 1024).

Make sure that the screen location is within the VIC-II's 16K video bank. If there's a need to access memory loca- tions beyond this 16K bank, change the bank accordingly (it's beyond the scope of this article to explain how).

POKE SA + 700

Poke to this location to set the page number of the buffer screen location. This is the secondary screen where the text is manipulated and then trans- ferred back to the default screen. When Pixel Mover scrolls the screen by one character, the contents of the default screen are transferred to the secondary screen and then manip- ulated. Pixel Mover relocates the screen memory to the secondary screen and then transfers the contents in the secondary screen back to the de- fault screen. After this is finished, Pixel Mover defaults back to the original screen memory. Like the default

screen, the secondary screen must be placed in the same bank. When writing large BASIC programs, it's advisable to relocate the VIC-II video bank and screen memory to prevent Pixel Mover from corrupting the BASIC program.

The default value for the location of the secondary screen is $3C, or deci- mal 60 (screen memory is at $3COO, or 15360),

POKE SA + 706

Set the page number of the color mem- ory buffer location. Pixel Mover copies the contents of the color memory at $D800 (55296) to a buffer area where the contents are manipulated, and then Pixel Mover recopies them back to the original color memory. Because the color memory can't be relocated and because of the 64's slow speed, colors may smear a bit as the screen scrolls. This problem is easily observed when adjacent contrasting colors are scrolled, Unlike the buffer screen, the color memory buffer can be set to any location in memory provided that it starts on a page. The default value for this location is $40, or decimal 64 (the buffer location is at $4000, or 16384).

POKE SA + 375

Use this command to adjust the verti- cal scroll delay counter. Slow down or speed up the scrolling speed by in- creasing or decreasing the delay value (the lower the value, the faster the scroll- ing speed, and vice versa). The default value is 18.

POKE SA + 372

This will adjust the horizontal scroll de- lay counter. The default value is 18.

POKE SA + 1335

This location adjusts the diagonal scroll speed. The default value is 22.

POKE SA + 599

Poking this location will set the horizon- tal scroll wrap on or off. If the argument is a0, any character that is about to be scrolled off the screen will wrap around and be placed on the next line. Any oth-

er arguments will disable this feature. POKE SA + 211

If a 0 is poked to this location, Pixel Mover will scroll the screen one pixel at a time. If any other value is poked to this location, then Pixel Mover will scroll the screen eight pixels at a time.

Jump Vectors

For every eight pixels scrolled, Pixel Mover performs a JMP to an RTS in- struction. You can take advantage of this setup by setting the JMP instruc- tion to jump to your own scrolling rou- tine, such as when you want to display a new line. Be sure to write the new line to the buffer screen and terminate the routine with an RTS. There are four such JMP instructions for the four ba- sic scroll directions: left, right, up, and down. Write the new JMP address to the following offset in low byte, high byte order.

SA + 608 to move left

SA + 688 to move right SA + 1168 to move up SA + 1243 to move down

A Demonstration

To see what Pixel Mover can do, type in and run Demo. It will demonstrate how different commands can be used to create various effects in your own pro- grams. Demo is written entirely in BA- SIC. To help avoid typing errors, enter it using The Automatic Proofreader. See "Typing Aids" again. After you've finished typing, be sure to save it toa disk containing Pixel Mover, or the pro- gram will crash when you try to run it. If you saved Pixel Mover with some oth- er filename, be sure to use that name in line 40 of Demo.

A New Location Pixel Mover was designed to be com- patible with other programs, but it re- sides in an area that’s very popular with many other ML programs, such as fast loaders. When Pixel Mover and oth- er ML programs try to use the same memory area, disaster can occur. Relocator solves this potential prob- lem by relocating Pixel Mover to anoth- er area in memory. Since Relocator is written in machine language, type it in

with MLX. At the prompts, respond with the following values.

Starting address: 0801 Ending address: OEC8

To relocate Pixel Mover, simply load and run Relocator. When Relocator prompts for a new starting address for Pixel Mover, enter the desired address in hexadecimal. If you know the deci- mal value but not the hexadecimal val- ue, the following program will convert any decimal value to a hexadecimal equivalent.

PE 10 HS = ‘0123456789ABCDEF”: B = 16: B1=27B

FP 20 INPUT “ENTER DECIMAL VALUE”;N: IF ABS (N) > B1 - 1 THEN 20

PP 30 NS =": IF N< 0 THEN N=B1+N

FF 40 FOR I=1 TO B/4:1 = N - (INT (N/16) * 16); NS = MIDS(HS,T + 1,1) + NS: N = N/ 16

CG 50 NEXT: PRINT N$

After Relocator relocates Pixel Mover, insert a work disk to save the new ver- sion. If the save is successful, you may exit to BASIC or relocate another copy of Pixel Mover.

PIXEL MOVER

CABG:78 CAB8: 8D CAC6: 8D CAC8: 63 CADG:FC AD8: 03 AEO:4C CAE8:DC CAF6:CB CAF8:15 CBGG:19 CBG68:8D CB10:A9 CB18:12 CB20:8E CB28:62 CB36:26 CB38:E2 CB46;27 CB48:D0 CB56:D8 CB58:FF CB6G:21 CB68:F9 CB7¢:4C CB78:CC CB86:45 CB88:CC CB9G:DG CB98:87

AQ 1A 1l 8D A2 AD 76 Ag AE 63

7F De De 1E CA 18 cD 66 1F 58 29 De 8D 8D cB 4c B7 8A 28 cé AS 1s) FO CA cc 89 AQ 12 AD 66

@D 11 14 8E 14 8D Ag 1A 8D AD FO 1B Py) cc 27 CB 58 26 57 cé6 De FO CA OF 71 4c FG 26 cB 7

i) 29 AE CB 8E CB 8D AD 03 Dg Ag 1l ol 31 28 62 20 B7 AS A5 2 66 CA 18 95 4c CB 26 cc 97 4c

CBA@:CC CBA8:F8 CBBO:CB CBB8:15 CBC@: 2B CBC8:66 CBDG: 28 CBD8:CF CBE@:69 CBE8:8C CBFG: 66 CBF8:C3 CCGG: 67 CC@8:AD CC10: 20 CC18:CB CC26:CE CC28:AA CC36:CA CC38:9C CC46:CB CC4B8:FO cc56:4C CC58:C9 CC66: 23 CC68:29 CC76:CB CC78:82 CC80:28 CC88:CF CC96:DC CC98:28 CCAG@:CF CCA8:CD CCB@: 29 CCB8: 68 CCCO:FG CCC8: 9D CCDG:FF CCD8: 61 CCE@:9D CCE8:FF CCF6:61 CCE8:A9 CDO6:8D CDG8:FO CD16:FE CD18:66 CD20:BD CD28:FF CD30: 68 CD38:BD CD40:DA CD48: 26 CD56:68 CD58:FO CD6G:FE CD68: 8D CD76:FE CD78: 62 CD86:CD CD88: GA CD90: 4C CD98: GA CDAG: 4C CDA8:A5 CDB9:CD CDB8: 38 CDCG:CF CDC8: 6A

cD CB GE 38 27 18 20 cc cc 07 CB 07 cB FG 26 cB AQ AG 60 F8 AD B9 AD 06 42 6c CF F4 26 CF F4 20 cB CB cé6 8D A2 BD ze) 69 BD DA oo E7 20 27 Cr) sho 9D FF FF 9D FE EE CE y) 88 cg DG cD AS 27 A5 28 A5 @4 cD E9 B4 8D

AD 38 AD E9 cc 4c B9 AD 20 cB 4c cB 38 gc 23 29 12 00 20 69 CB cc gc EE CF CB 26 CF 45 26 CE pc 29 68 cD BF Cl) 61 9D FF @1 9D FF FF CE 20 BD FF Oo BD Ds 06 E8 AD CE 26 62 3c ol 85 27 E9 28 EQ 27 85 A5 o4 cD cé6

85 ag cD

MAY 1992 COMPUTE

29 DG co 4c 96 6G 8D FO 4c FO 20 69 cB cc DS 14 12 FD AD gc cB CE 07 4c cB AD 26 CF F4 26 CE B4 CF cB cB 6G FF CT BD D8 60 BD cD 62 60 4c 9D FF FF 9D FF FE a9 8D cD 4c DS a9 88 6c 90 27 90 28 38 cé 6D EE GA 60

16 BO 98 46 99 85 4B Fl FE El 91 co 38 03 49 9c DE 26 F4 oB 12 77 32 A2 FF 4c 2B A3 31 3A E8 83 DB 13 43 4A 41 50 A4 78 CF 6A c8 65 67 5E FE El EF 66 TE 43 88 78 ED 3c B5 6E 61 B2 33 EG BE G2 AA CB 54 F2 AB cé

G-35

PROGRAMS

CDDO:BA cpp8:18 CDE@:AE CDE8:CD CDF@:91 CDF8:8E CEOG:1F CEG8: 8E CE16:25 CE18:8E CE2@: 2B CE28:8E CE30:CF CE38:72 CE46:8E CE48:CF CE56:51 CE58:CD CE60:AF CE68:CD CE7@:B5 CE78:CD CE8@:BB CE88:AE CE9G: 46 CE98:CE CEAG: 4C CEA8:CF CEBG:52 CEB8;CF CEC6:58 CEC8:CF CED@:D2 CED8:8D CEEG@:A9 CEE8:CE CEF@:EE CEF8: 40 CFOG:28 CF@8:9D CF1O:FF CF18:28 CF20:9D CF28:FF CF30:9D CF38:FE CF40:FE CF48:60 CF56:BD CFS58:FF CF60:60 CF68:BD CF7@:DA CF78:27 CF8G:62 CF88:CE CF9G:96 CF98:9D CFAG:FF CFA8: 0G CFBG:9D CFB8:DA CFCG:DG CFC8:F8 CFD@:BD CFD8:F7 CFE@: 8D CFE8:4A CFFG@:8E CFF8:8D

G-36 COMPUTE MAY 1992

DEMO

DA DR

10 26

39 46 58

86 96

166

116

126

136 146 156 166 176 186 196 206

2106 226

236 249

2568

266 276 286 298

REM PIXEL MOVER DEMO

PUTE PUBLICATIONS INTL L

REM

A=A+1:IF A=1 THEN LOAD"P IXEL MOVER",8,1

SA= 51888:EN= SA+125:XP= SA+87:YP= SA+92:D1= SA+

375:D2= SA+372:WR= SA+59

SP= SA+211:TK= SA+51:B1l= 53286:B2= 53281:SC= PEE

K (648) *256

EF= -65536:P= 1000:S2= 5 1766:C= @:CK =C:X= 782:¥

= 781

SPS$="{22 SPACES}":REM 22 SPACES

REM ---~ ML CHROUT WEDGE REM (TOTALLY RELOCATABL E; SET S2 TO START ADDR ESS OF WEDGE) DATA 141,-16,142,-18,14 G,-20,165,154,201,3,248 79,169,8,162,0,166,0,76 DATA 262,241,173,-16,20 1,13,240,4,201,17,208,2 36,164,214,192,24,2068,2 36 DATA 169,8,176,160,8,32 7-1112,198,214,32,16,22 9,76,-15,-~-65536 REM ---- READA: ZA=ABS (A) : IFASEFT HEN2206 CK=CK+ZA: IFSGN (A) =-1THE N186 POKES2+C,A:C=C+1:POKE B 1,A:GOTO15¢ IFZA>1600THENZZ=SA+ZA-~1 900:GOTO208 ZZ=S2+ZA HI=INT (22/256) :LO=ZZ-HI *256: POKES 2+C, LO: POKES2 +C+1,HI:C=C+2:GOTO15G REM ~ IF CK<>7031THEN PRINT"E RROR IN DATA STATEMENTS !":STOP SYS TK:SYS 65418:SYS SA HI=INT ($2/256) :LO=S2-HI *256:POKE 8066,LO:POKE 8 67,HI:REM SET NEW VECTO R

POKE Bl1,@:POKE B2,0:POK E 648,224:PRINT"{4} {CLR}":POKE648,SC/256 POKE SP,@:POKE YP,23:RE M ENTER 24 ROW MODE POKE D2,18:SYS EN,G,290 :POKE D2,36 PRINT"{8}{CLR}":GOSUB11 16

PRINT SPC(14)"{13 P}"

380 319 326

336

349 356 368

376

380 390

400 410 426 430 446 456 466

476

480

490 508

519 520 536 540 558 560 576 586 590 600 616 629

PRINT SPC(14)"{5}{RVS} {SPACE}PIXEL MOVER " PRINT SPC(14)"{4}{¢13 Y} 83" PRINT:PRINT "{2 SPACES} COPYRIGHT 1992 BY COMPU TE PUBLICATIONS" PRINT:PRINT "{3 SPACES} WELCOME TO PIXEL MOVER, THE SMOOTH" PRINT"SCROLLING PROGRAM FOR THE COMMODORE 64!" PRINT"WITH PIXEL MOVER, YOU CAN SMOOTHLY" PRINT"SCROLL THE WHOLE {SPACE}SCREEN ONE PIXEL AT A" PRINT"TIME IN ALL EIGHT DIRECTIONS, EVEN" PRINT"FROM BASIC! {YEL}" PRINT: PRINTSPC (6) "PRESS A KEY TO CONTINUE...." SYS EN,@,46 GETAS:IF AS="" THEN416 SYS EN,G,152 POKE WR,1:POKE D1,19:PO KE D2,19:POKE XP,192:PO KE YP,19 PRINT" {5}{CLR}":GOSUB11